{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O99399"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O99399/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF3808/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF3808/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BF3808","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AG7038","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AG4839","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AF7927","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O99399/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O99399","accessionNumber":"C.361-1909","objectType":"Cheese dish","titles":[{"title":"Fromager","type":"manufacturer's title"}],"summaryDescription":"The Vincennes porcelain factory had a link to the French crown from the start as it was established in about 1740 in the semi-abandoned royal fortress of the château de Vincennes to the east of Paris.  There, a handful of porcelain specialists devoted themselves to solving the technical challenges of porcelain production as huge sums were paid by wealthy aristocrats for this glassy white substance which, up to then, was mostly imported from East Asia or the Meissen factory in what is now Germany.  During the early 1740s the majority of the Vincennes factory's products were probably experimental as the porcelain body was still being perfected and different enamel colours invented.  In 1745 however, they secured a royal 'privilège' which granted them the exclusive right to produce porcelain ‘in Meissen style’ in France. As the wording suggests, the factory's earliest productions were indebted to the prestigious Meissen factory. The factory's repertoire quickly evolved however, from the emulation of East Asian or Meissen examples to incorporate the latest styles used in French gilt-bronze, woodcarving and decorative painting.  The financial support and patronage of King Louis XV and his mistress, Madame de Pompadour, enabled Vincennes to secure the best technicians, artists, sculptors and designers. Jean-Claude Duplessis (director of models, 1748-74), Jean-Jacques Bachelier (director of decoration, 1751-93), Etienne-Maurice Falconet (director of sculpture, 1757-66), and the court painter François Boucher, all played a central role in the development of this entirely new French art form. By 1756 the factory had outgrown its workshops in the old château and it transferred to specially constructed premises at Sèvres (south-west of Paris). In 1759 the king purchased the factory outright and remarkably the Sèvres porcelain manufactory continues in production to the present day.\n\nThis cheese dish was made as part of the prestigious service ordered by the King in 1753 and made from 1753-55 by the factory.  The records show there were four such dishes and stands originally in the service as part of the two sweet courses; the 'entremet' and dessert.  Groups of surviving pieces from the service are now scattered in collections all over the world, one of the largest being at Boughton in Northamptonshire.  The shapes of the service items were designed specially by the artistic director Jean-Claude Duplessis. ","physicalDescription":"Cheese dish (Fromager), porcelain, round, pierced sides, two handles, three feet, floral decoration painted in enamels and gilt on a bleu celeste ground.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Vincent Taillandier","id":"A29202"},"association":{"text":"painter","id":"x39168"},"note":"Taillandier arrived at Vincennes in August 1753 and still recorded at Sèvres in 1790."}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Vincennes porcelain factory","id":"A11271"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"x33306"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Soft-paste porcelain","id":"AAT10665"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels and gilt","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"},{"text":"Tableware & cutlery","id":"THES48888"},{"text":"Eating","id":"THES48963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006BF3808","2006AG7038","2006AG4839","2006AF7927"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"139","id":"THES49874"},"free":"","case":"U","shelf":"4","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Cheese dish","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1754","earliest":"1754-01-01","latest":"1754-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by J. H. Fitzhenry","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"6.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"12.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"16.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Interlaced 'L's with date letter 'A'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Maker's mark, in blue enamel with date letter 'A'"},{"content":"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painter's mark, a fleur de lis in blue enamel for Taillandier"},{"content":"'4'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"incised"}],"objectHistory":"Formerly in the Baldock Collection","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Cheese dish (Fromager), porcelain, floral decoration painted in enamels, Vincennes porcelain factory, France, 1754","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Tamara Préaud and Antoine d’Albis, <u>La Porcelaine de Vincennes</u>, Editions Adam Biro, Paris, 1991.  C.361-1909 is catalogue 196, pp. 180-181.  'This cheese dish was certainly one of the four of the first size at 240 livres in the service of Louis XV delivered 24th December 1753 and 31st December 1754, as they are the only ones in the sales registers which are not listed as being decorated simply with flowers, apart from two (also in turquoise blue), at 192 livres, which appear in the accounts for the end of 1756, which are probably those in the English royal collection.'"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Peters, David. <u> An examination of Vincennes and early Sèvres date letters: A transcript of the talk given at the French Porcelain Society Study Day on 17 June 2014</u>.  London: The French Porcelain Society, 2014.  The author has re-assessed the factory's dating system using the Sèvres  archives, revising date-letter 'A' (formerly thought to cover 1753-1754) to 1754 only."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Savill, Rosalind.  The Wallace Collection: Catalogue of Sèvres  Porcelain, 3 vols.  London: Trustees of the Wallace  Collection, 1988. See Vol. III, pp. 1068-1069 for biographical information about Vincent Taillandier. "}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"floral patterns","id":"AAT10135"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.361-1909"],"accessionNumberNum":"361","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1909,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2004-06-07","availableToBook":false}}