{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O99158"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O99158/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EB4051/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EB4051/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EB4051","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O99158/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O99158","accessionNumber":"761-1882","objectType":"Glass cooler","titles":[{"title":"Seau à verre échancré","type":"manufacturer's title"}],"summaryDescription":"The most important French porcelain factory was founded in 1740 in the royal château of Vincennes. In 1756 it  was transferred to Sèvres, to  the south-west of Paris, and shortly after was bought by Louis XV. The support and  protection of the king and his mistress, Madame de  Pompadour, enabled it to secure the best artists, sculptors,  designers and chemists. Sèvres porcelain soon became the most sought after in  Europe.\r\n\r\nThis glass cooler is one of four with similar decoration bought by John Jones for his collection in the nineteenth century.  Thanks to the work of David Peters who has  analyised all the surviving records of service wares  made by the royal French porcelain factory (see below), we now know that they were part of a dining service  decorated with pink monochrome garlands bought by King Louis XV in December 1763 for use at the château of Fontainebleau.  There were  forty-eight glass coolers listed in two groups.  These four: 760, 760A, 761, 761A-1882  were probably included in the twenty-four seaux à  verre échancré s listed at a cost 48<i> livres</i> each.\r\n\r\nWine glass coolers or rinsers were filled with iced water and set on the table for the personall use of each diner.  In the catalogue of the of the  Wadsworth Athenaeum Sèvres (see below), the authors comment that they are known from the early 18th century but were included more commonly in services during the reign of Louis XV as part of  a more relaxed style of dining, which became known as service à la française .  Diners helped themselves to the various dishes set out on the table.  In his memoirs, the Duc de Luynes, recounts such a dinner at the hunting château of Compiègne: 'Everyone, the king included, is waited upon by the blue-liveried stewards, or the castle stewards; but their work is  easy because each diner has his glass in a cooler in front of him, and the water and wine are on the table.' \r\n\r\nPeters, David. <u> Sèvres Plates and Services of the 18th Century</u>, Little Berkhamsted,  privately published, 2005, see Vol.II, pp. 345-348\r\nLe Corbeiller, Clare and Roth, Linda H. <u> French Eighteenth-Century Porcelain at the Wadsworth Atheneum, J. Pierpoint Morgan Collection</u>.  Wadsworth Atheneum, 2000, cat. no. 137.  \r\nSaule, Béatrix. <u> Tables Royales à Versailles, 1682-1789</u> in Versailles et les tables royales en Europe, XVIIème et XVIIIème siecles, exhibition catalogue, Paris, 1993, pp. 41-68","physicalDescription":"Glass cooler, soft-paste porcelain, round, scalloped border, moulded with six shallow lobes, two leaf handles, decorated with flowers in pink '<i>carmine</i>' enamels, with gilding on a white ground.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Sèvres porcelain factory","id":"A406"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"x33306"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Soft-paste porcelain","id":"AAT10665"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels and gilt","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"},{"text":"Containers","id":"THES48972"},{"text":"Figures & Decorative ceramics","id":"THES48954"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2010EB4051"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"139","id":"THES49874"},"free":"","case":"26","shelf":"5","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Flower holder","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1763","earliest":"1763-01-01","latest":"1763-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"760-1882","id":"O99156"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"760A-1882","id":"O99157"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"761A-1882","id":"O99159"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"C.426-1921","id":"O100020"},"association":"Model"}],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by John Jones","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"10.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"13.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"15.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'K' enclosed within interlaced 'L's","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Maker's mark, in blue enamel with date letter 'K'"},{"content":"'SS'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painter's mark, joined in blue enamel for Catrice"},{"content":"'ND'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"incised"}],"objectHistory":"John Jones Bequest Cat. no. 125.\r\nSee 760-1882 for references","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Glass cooler, porcelain, decorated with flowers in pink enamels, Sèvres porcelain factory, France, 1763","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"floral patterns","id":"AAT10135"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["761-1882"],"accessionNumberNum":"761","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1882,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-03","recordCreationDate":"2004-06-07","availableToBook":false}}