{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O99156"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O99156/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EB4145/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EB4145/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EB4145","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KE1805","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O99156/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O99156","accessionNumber":"760-1882","objectType":"Glass cooler","titles":[{"title":"seau à verre échancré","type":"manufacturer's title"}],"summaryDescription":"The most important French porcelain factory was founded in 1740 in the royal château of Vincennes. In 1756 it  was transferred to Sèvres, to the south-west of Paris, and shortly after was bought by Louis XV. The support and  protection of the king and his mistress, Madame de Pompadour, enabled it to secure the best artists, sculptors, designers and chemists. Sèvres porcelain soon became the most sought after in Europe.\n\nThis glass cooler is one of four with similar decoration bought by John Jones for his collection in the 1800s.  Thanks to the work of David Peters who has analyised all the surviving records of service wares made by the Sèvres porcelain factory  (see below), we now know that they were part of a dining service decorated with pink monochrome garlands bought by King Louis XV in December 1763 for use at the château of Fontainebleau.  There were forty-eight glass coolers listed in two groups.  These four: 760, 760A, 761, 761A-1882  were probably among the twenty-four <i>seaux à verre échancré</i>s listed at a cost 48<i> livres</i> each.\n\nWine glass coolers or rinsers were filled with iced water and set on the table for the personall use of each diner.  In the catalogue of the of the Wadsworth Athenaeum Sèvres (see below), the authors comment that they are known from the early 18th century but were included more commonly in services during the reign of Louis XV as part of  a more relaxed style of dining, which became known as <i>service à la française</i>. Diners helped themselves to the various dishes set out on the table.  In his memoirs, the Duc de Luynes, recounts such a dinner at the hunting château of Compiègne: 'Everyone, the king included, is waited upon by the blue-liveried stewards, or the castle stewards; but their work is easy because each diner has his glass in a cooler in front of him, and the water and wine are on the table.' \n\nPeters, David. <u> Sèvres Plates and Services of the 18th Century</u> , Little Berkhamsted,  privately published, 2005, see Vol.II, pp. 345-348\nLe Corbeiller, Clare and Roth, Linda H.  <u>French Eighteenth-Century Porcelain at the Wadsworth Atheneum, J. Pierpoint Morgan Collectio</u>n.  Wadsworth Atheneum, 2000, cat. no. 137.  \nSaule, Béatrix. <u> Tables Royales à Versailles, 1682-178</u>9 in Versailles et les tables royales en Europe, XVIIème et XVIIIème siecles, exhibition catalogue, Paris, 1993, pp. 41-68","physicalDescription":"Glass cooler and rinser, soft-paste porcelain, round, scalloped border, moulded with six shallow lobes, two leaf handles, decorated with flowers in pink '<i>carmine</i>' painted in enamels, with gilding on a white ground.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Sèvres porcelain factory","id":"A406"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"x33306"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Soft-paste porcelain","id":"AAT10665"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels and gilt","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"},{"text":"Containers","id":"THES48972"},{"text":"Figures & Decorative ceramics","id":"THES48954"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2010EB4145","2017KE1805"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"139 (VA)","id":"THES49874"},"free":"","case":"26","shelf":"5","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Flower holder","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1763","earliest":"1763-01-01","latest":"1763-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"760A-1882","id":"O99157"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"761-1882","id":"O99158"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"761A-1882","id":"O99159"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"C.426-1921","id":"O100020"},"association":"Model"}],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by John Jones","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"10.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"13.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"15.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'K' enclosed within interlaced 'L's","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Maker's mark, in blue enamel with date letter 'K'"},{"content":"'SS'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painter's mark, joined in blue enamel for Catrice"},{"content":"'MP'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8728"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"incised"}],"objectHistory":"John Jones Bequest Cat. no. 125. The slightly later version of this lobed shape was  more everted towards the rim.  It was included in the Mme de Barry service of 1771, see Wadsworth Athenaeum reference below.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Glass cooler, porcelain, decorated with flowers  painted in pink <i>carmine</i> monochrome enamels, Sèvres porcelain factory, France, 1763","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"David Peters,<u> Sèvres Plates and Services of the 18th Century</u> , Little Berkhamsted,  privately published, 2005, see Vol.II, pp. 345-348 for a discussion of this service with a white ground with pink<i> carmine</i> flower garlands, identified by Peters as bought by King Louis XV at Versailles in the December 1763 list of credit sales 'au Roy'.  Peters suggests that these items were bought by the king to supplement the service '<i>guirlandes</i>' acquired by him in the second half of 1757 via Lazare Duvaux, a dealer in luxury goods, for the château of Fontainebleau.  There were forty-eight glass coolers in the list of two different shapes.  The four glass coolers 760, 760A, 761, 761A-1882  were included in the twenty-four <i>seaux à verre échancré</i>s costing 48<i> livres</i> each."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"William King,<u> Catalogue of the Jones Collection, II, Ceramics, ormolu, goldsmiths' work, enamels, sculpture, tapestry, books, and prints.</u>  London: Victoria and  Albert Museum, 1924, p. 12, no. 125, two illustrated plate 3."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Le Corbeiller, Clare and Roth, Linda H. <u> French Eighteenth-Century Porcelain at the Wadsworth Atheneum, J. Pierpoint Morgan Collection</u>.  Wadsworth Atheneum, 2000.  See pp. 265-268, no. 137,  for an example of the slightly later version of this shape, included in the service for Mme du Barry of 1771. 760, 760A, 761, 761A-1882 are cited on p. 266."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Luynes, Charles-Philippe d’Albert, duc de.  <u>Memories du duc de Luynes sur la cour de Louis XV, 1735-48</u>, Paris 1860-65, 14 vols. quoted by Saule, Beatrix. <u> Tables Royales à Versailles, 1682-1789</u> in Versailles et les tables royales en Europe, XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles, exhibition catalogue, Paris, 1993, pp. 41-68. See p. 67 for the duke's account of the informal dinners hosted by Louis XV, usually after the hunt, when court etiquette was relaxed, with glasses placed in Chinese or Japanese bowls at each setting:<i>'Tout le monde, le Roi même est servi par des garçons du château; mais le service est facile, car chacum a son verre dans un seau devant soi, et l'eau et le vin sont sur la table.  Le Sr Lazure, qui a soin ici [Compiègne] des cabinets, sert sur table comme il fait à Versailles</i>'."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"floral patterns","id":"AAT10135"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["760-1882"],"accessionNumberNum":"760","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1882,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-03","recordCreationDate":"2004-06-07","availableToBook":false}}