{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O98447"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O98447/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CP6012/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CP6012/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CP6012","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CP6010","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2007BN4198","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2007BN4197","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CP6011","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA5847","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O98447/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O98447","accessionNumber":"A.38-1910","objectType":"Statue","titles":[{"title":"St Paul","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Terracotta sculpture in Germany was often produced using moulds, so that several copies could be made. This figure was probably placed high up on a pier or pilaster of a church, hence the downward glance.\r\n\r\nSt Paul (born Saul) was converted to Christianity on the road to Damascus when the voice of God challenged him for persecuting Christians. The book in his left hand refers to his preaching  of the Christian faith to the Gentiles. He was often paired with St Peter, as they were considered to have founded the Christian church together.","physicalDescription":"Figure of St Paul, his beard styled in to two cone shapes.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"terracotta","id":"AAT10669"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painting","id":"x30598"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted terracotta","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2009CP6012","2009CP6010","2007BN4198","2007BN4197","2009CP6011","2017KA5847"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"50B (VA)","id":"THES49780"},"free":"","case":"WS","shelf":"EXP","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Statue","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Landshut","id":"x35322"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1480","earliest":"1475-01-01","latest":"1484-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"100","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"37","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"25","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Bought from the Colli brothers, Innsbruck, along with A. 37-1910 in 1910.\n\nHistorical significance: Terracotta sculpture flourished in Bavaria in the 15th century, particularly in the Ducal cities of Straubing and Landshut. During the second quarter of the 15th century Straubing appears to have been dominan while in the second half of the century the production in Landshut reached its peak.","historicalContext":"St Paul formed part of a cycle of Apostles positioned high up on pilasters or piers, similar to the ensemble of terracotto figures preserved in the choir and aisles of the St Martin church in Landshut.","briefDescription":"Statue, painted terracotta, St. Paul, South Germany, Bavaria (Landshut), ca. 1480","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Jopek, Norbert. <u>German Sculpture 1430-1540, A Catalogue of the Collection in the Victoria and Albert Museum</u>. London, 2002, pp. 118-119, cat.no. 53b"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Baxandall, Michael. <u>South German Sculpture, 1480-1530</u>. VAM, London, 1974"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Trusted, Marjorie, ed. <u>The Making of Sculpture. The Materials and Techniques of European Sculpture</u>. London: 2007, pp. 42-43, pl. 69"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Hirsch, Martin, <u>Die spaetgotische Tonplastik in Altbayern und den angrenzenden Regionen,\r\nFulda, 2010, p. 162, cat. no. 56."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"St. Paul","id":"N939"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"Figure, Male","id":"x31047"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["A.38-1910"],"accessionNumberNum":"38","accessionNumberPrefix":"A","accessionYear":1910,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LN7865","2019LV3731","2019LW3178","2023NR0272"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-01","recordCreationDate":"2004-05-10","availableToBook":false}}