{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O98150"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O98150/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019ME5503/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019ME5503/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2019ME5503","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME5504","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME5505","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME5506","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME5507","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME5508","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O98150/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O98150","accessionNumber":"IS.109-1961","objectType":"Cornice fragment","titles":[{"title":"Cornice fragment","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"This relief is greatly damaged.  The strongly projecting cornice is decorated with a saw-tooth moulding  and supported by five consoles (one missing) showing four figures identified by Ackerman(1975) to be musicians, recognised now as centaurs (Pia Brancaccio, 2018, per comm).  Three of them are female who look to the right, while the male (with probably the missing figure, second from the right) look to the left, thus forming couples facing each other. The heads are carved to project in front of the moulding. The middle figure appears to be playing a lute while the figure to the left is clapping.\n\nIS.109B has a fixing hole on the back and narrow chisel marks c.1cm in width at roughly 1.5-2.00 centimetre intervals.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"schist","id":"AAT11626"},{"text":"","id":""}],"techniques":[{"text":"hand carved","id":"x30667"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Grey schist","categories":[{"text":"Architectural fittings","id":"THES48994"},{"text":"Buddhism","id":"THES48984"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2019ME5503","2019ME5504","2019ME5505","2019ME5506","2019ME5507","2019ME5508"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES373855"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES373855"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES373855"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Fragment","id":""}],[{"text":"Fragment","id":""}],[{"text":"Fragment","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Gandhara","id":"x32655"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"excavated from the debris round the stupa at Gumbat in the Kandak Valley, near Baricot, Swat, Pakistan"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1st century","earliest":"0001-01-01","latest":"0100-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Barger and Wright","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"17.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"24.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"10.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109A-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"5.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109A-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109A-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"21.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109B-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"17","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109B-1961","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"IS.109B-1961","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Part of the Barger and Wright Collection, No. 76 in Barger's list.\nThe site of Gumbat (Pashto for ‘stupa’) was first visited by Sir Aurel Stein in 1926 (Stein. M.A. An Archaeological Tour in Upper Swat and Adjacent Hill Tracts. <u>Memoirs of the Archaeological </u><u>Survey of India</u>, 42. Calcutta). It was visited in 1938 by E. Barger and P. Wright during their expedition to Swat and Afghanistan. Despite considerable looting it has been and continues to be an important site and it has been excavated further by the Italian Archaeological Mission (IsIAO) from 1956, in  2005 and from 2011and 2012 in collaboration with the Pakistan government under the Pakistan-Italian Debt Swap Agreement (PIDSA).\r\nEvert Barger, Lecturer in Medieval History, University of Bristol, and Philip Wright, from the Indian Section of the V&amp;A Museum, undertook a survey and excavation of the site during their expedition to Swat. Philip Wright with T.D. Weatherhead, working as surveyor and photographer, were largely responsible for the excavation work in Swat where they stayed for two months in the summer of 1938 while Barger travelled on to Afghanistan. Forty fragments of architectural and sculptural objects were brought back to England, of which 16 were acquired by the V&amp;A Museum. The residue of the collection, which had been left in store at the museum was acquired in 1961, of which this object is a part. Photographs of the expedition by Weatherhead are in the British Library in the collection of William Vernon Emanuel, who was also a member of the expedition.\r\n\r\n","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":" Cornice fragment, now in three pieces, with figurative consoles, grey schist, 1st century AD, Swat Valley,Gandhara.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Ackermann, Hans Christoph. <u>Narrative stone reliefs from Gandhara in the Victoria and Albert</u> <u>Museum in London</u> : catalogue and attempt at a stylistic history Rome : IsMEO, 1975.","id":"AUTH330359"},"details":"p.52, plate IV a","free":"Barger, E and Wright, P., 1941, Excavations in Swat and Explorations in the Oxus Territories of Afghanistan, <u>Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India</u>, 64, Calcutta\r\n\r\nBarger, E., (1938), The Results of the recent Archaeological Expedition to Swat and Afghanistan, in relation to the present position of Indian Studies in this Country, <u>Journal of the Royal Society of  Arts</u>, No. 4490, vol. LXXXVII, pp.102-124.\r\n"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":""}],"production":"Swat valley (Gumbat), Gandhara.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IS.109-1961","IS.109A-1961","IS.109B-1961"],"accessionNumberNum":"109","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1961,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Fragment [1]","Fragment [2]","Fragment [3]"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-07","recordCreationDate":"2004-04-22","availableToBook":true}}