{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O955692"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O955692/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011EP0964/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011EP0964/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011EP0964","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O955692/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O955692","accessionNumber":"29635A/16","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Colosseum Romae","type":"Assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Engraving depicting a view of the interior of the ruins of the Colosseum, captured from underneath the vaults. It is presented within a circular shape, and showcases several figures in both the foreground and background","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Pieter Stevens","id":"A27672"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"engraving","id":"AAT53225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Topography","id":"THES252988"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2011EP0964"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"Z","shelf":"12","box":"B"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"prints","id":"AAT41273"}],[{"text":"drawings","id":"AAT33973"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"The Netherlands","id":"x29020"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1550-1650","earliest":"1545-01-01","latest":"1650-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"21.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"with mount"},{"dimension":"Width","value":"26.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"with mount"}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Petrus Stephanus Invent; Colosseum Romae; Henricus Hondius Sculps; Number 4 on the bottom-right corner","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Engraving showing a view of the Colosseum from under the vaults, designed by Pieter Stevens (1567- after 1624) and engraved by Hendrik Hondius (circa 1573 - 1650). Amsterdam, late 16th to early 17th century.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"The engraving depicts a view of the interior of the Colosseum as a ruin. It is plausible that the print belongs to a series of engravings of roman ruins (the present design is marked with number 4 in the bottom-right corner) realised in the last decade of the 16th century, suggesting that the artist may have visited Italy at an early stage in his career. This can be seen also in the signature: in the present engraving he signed as “Petrus Stephanus Invent” whereas in later landscape engravings “P. Stephani Invent”.\n\nPieter Stevens (1567-after 1624) was a Flemish painter and draftsman, specialized in landscape paintings, and can be appointed as one of the first developer of landscape as a genre, often presenting human figures, characterized by atmospheric effects. Some of his designs were reproduced in pietra dura as decoration for furniture, and also in print series.\nIn 1594, he became court painter of Emperor Rudolf II in Prague, alongside other artistic figures such as Roelandt Savery, Paulus van Vianen, Hans Verdeman de Vries, and Philippus van den Bossche. When Rudolf II died in 1612, it is possible that Stevens entered the court of Prince Charles of Liechtenstein, Stadtholder of Bohemia.\nHendrik Hondius (circa 1573 - 1650) was a Flemish engraver, cartographer and publisher who founded his own business in The Hague, the Nederlands, in 1597. During the 1630s he shifted his focus primarily to publishing rather than engravings and printings. His published works encompassed maps, portraits, and books on diverse topics. Hondius often reused original plates and blocks by earlier artists for reprinting, which constituted a significant portion of his publishing endeavors. However, by the 1640s, he returned to the art of printing, exclusively concentrating on etching.\n\nBibliographic reference\n- F. W. H Hollstein, Orenstein, Nadine, Luijten, Ger. Hendrick Hondius. New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700. Roosendaal, Netherlands: Koninklijke van Poll in co-operation with the Rijksprentenkabinet, Rijksmuseum, 1994.\n- Orenstein, Nadine. Hendrick Hondius and the Business of Prints in Seventeenth-Century Holland. Studies in Prints and Printmaking, V. 1. Rotterdam: Sound & Vision Interactive, 1996."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["29635A/16"],"accessionNumberNum":"29635","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-10-02","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}