{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O955680"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O955680/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011EP0974/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011EP0974/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011EP0974","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O955680/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O955680","accessionNumber":"29635A/28","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"The Interior of the Pantheon, or Rotunda","type":"Assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Engraving depicting the interior of the Pantheon, based on a design by Giovanni Battista Piranesi. The viewer is situated at the main entrance of the building, looking inward. The image includes details of the 18th century context, including depictions of Roman citizens, beggars, and worshippers. The figures have been altered in proportion and lack substantial volumetric mass, appearing smaller in size.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"Engraving","id":"AAT53225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Topography","id":"THES252988"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2011EP0974"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"Z","shelf":"12","box":"B"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"prints","id":"AAT41273"}],[{"text":"drawings","id":"AAT33973"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Britain","id":"x32019"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"19th century","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1899-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"26.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"with mount"},{"dimension":"Width","value":"34.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"with mount"},{"dimension":"Height","value":"21.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"width","value":"27","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"After Piranesi; The Interior of the Pantheon, or Rotunda; Letter LVII","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"There is a collector mark on the print reading NAL (National Art Library). The stamp was used on drawings and prints that entered the museum’s collection between 1880 and 1900."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Engraving showing a view of the interior of the Pantheon or Rotunda, after a design of Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1720 - 1778) from the series “Views of Rome”. The engraver is not identified, but the image is signed “after Piranesi.”","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"The engraving depicts a view of the interior of the Pantheon of Hadrian in Rome (known also as the Pantheon of Agrippa), a pagan temple that became a Roman Catholic house of worship called the Basilica of Santa Maria ad Martyres (Saint Mary and Martyrs) in the seventh century. The engraving is inspired by the series Vedute di Roma by Piranesi, although it varies in the representation of details. In the original design by Piranesi, the lower section presents an inscription just below the plate, reading “Veduta Interna del Panthon” with a description of the architecture of the interior.\n\nGiovanni Battista Piranesi (1720-1778) is one of the greatest eighteenth century Italian printmakers, architects and one of the leading figures in the development of the neoclassical style. Venetian by birth, he was the son of a stonemason and master builder and had a wide-ranging training in architecture, stage design and perspective composition. In 1740 he settled in Rome and around the same time he came in contact with the works of Tiepolo, which transformed his tight, exact early style to one of bold, fluid lines and dramatic chiaroscuro. Piranesi had little success in his early years in Rome but once established there he became a well-known figure producing a vast number of etchings illustrating Roman architecture and antiquities until his death in 1778. His work had a lasting impact on contemporary tastes in architecture and the decorative arts, primarily in Britain where he was the single greatest influence on architect Robert Adam. \nSome of his most important series of etchings include: \n• Le Antichità Romane (\"Roman Antiquities\"): a series of six volumes published between 1756 and 1769, which contained Piranesi's etchings and descriptions of ancient Roman ruins, buildings, and artworks. \n• Vedute di Roma (\"Views of Rome\"): a series of 137 etchings of Rome that Piranesi produced between 1748 and 1778. The prints captured the city's ancient and modern architecture and were celebrated for their dramatic perspectives and intricate details. \n• Carceri d'Invenzione (\"Imaginary Prisons\" or \"Piranesi's Prisons\"): a series of 16 etchings published in 1750 that depicted fantastical and surreal prison interiors, inspired by both his early training as a scenographer and his admiration for Roman ruins.\n\nBibliographic reference\n- Ficacci, Luigi. Piranesi: The Complete Etchings. Köln: Taschen, 2000.\n- Wilton-Ely, John. The Mind and Art of Giovanni Battista Piranesi. London: Thames and Hudson, 1978."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["29635A/28"],"accessionNumberNum":"29635","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-10-02","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}