{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O94017"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O94017/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019ME6103/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019ME6103/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2019ME6103","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019ME6102","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JU2234","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KT8432","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KT8445","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O94017/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O94017","accessionNumber":"IM.88-1939","objectType":"Fragment of a sculptural frieze","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"This fragmentary frieze is similar to IM.87-1939.  It is articulated by three squat Corinthian-type pilasters with vertical grooves down the central middle part of the shafts, in between  which there are pairs of gesticulating men in apparent lively conversation. They are elaborated in greater detail than those in IM.87-1939 as they are on a larger scale. The two men in the scene on the extreme left carry large circular shields on their left arms. There is a plain plinth running along the bottom edge and a moulding decorated with a leaf motif above a plain fillet along the top.\n      There is a long cramp slot and square-shaped mortice hole at the end on the proper right hand top side and rows of broad vertical chisel marks on the right hand side of the rear.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"schist","id":"AAT11626"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved grey schist","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Buddhism","id":"THES48984"},{"text":"Architectural fittings","id":"THES48994"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2019ME6103","2019ME6102","2017JU2234","2018KT8432","2018KT8445"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"003","id":"THES373766"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Frieze","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Pakistan","id":"x30015"},"association":{"text":"Recovered","id":"x32485"},"note":"Discovered in the debris at Gumbat, a group of mounds above the Kandak river, the westernmost valley of the three which run south of Barikot in the present province of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan."}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1st century","earliest":"0001-01-01","latest":"0100-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"according to Ackermann"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Barger and Wright","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"44","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Acquired from Evert Barger and Philip Wright, as part of the collection of finds excavated during their expedition to the Swat valley in 1938. This is no. 67 in Barger's lists.\r\nThe site of Gumbat (Pashto for ‘stupa’) was first visited by Sir Aurel Stein in 1926 (Stein. M.A. An Archaeological Tour in Upper Swat and Adjacent Hill Tracts. Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, 42. Calcutta). It was visited in 1938 by E. Barger and P. Wright during their expedition to Swat and Afghanistan. Despite considerable looting it has been and continues to be an important site and it has been excavated further by the Italian Archaeological Mission (IsIAO) from 1956, in 2005 and from 2011and 2012 in collaboration with the Pakistan government under the Pakistan-Italian Debt Swap Agreement (PIDSA).\r\nEvert Barger, Lecturer in Medieval History, University of Bristol, and Philip Wright, from the Indian Section of the V&A Museum, undertook a survey and excavation of the site during their expedition to Swat. Philip Wright with T.D. Weatherhead, working as surveyor and photographer, were largely responsible for the excavation work in Swat where they stayed for two months in the summer of 1938 while Barger travelled on to Afghanistan. Forty fragments of architectural and sculptural objects were brought back to England, of which 16 were acquired by the V&A Museum. The residue of the collection, which had been left in store at the museum was acquired in 1961. Photographs of the expedition by Weatherhead are in the British Library in the collection of William Vernon Emanuel, who was also a member of the expedition.\r\n\n\n","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Fragment of a frieze showing pairs of figures between pilasters, grey schist, 1st Century AD, Swat valley.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Ackermann, Hans Christoph. <u>Narrative stone reliefs from Gandhara in the</u> <u>Victoria and Albert Museum in London </u>: catalogue and attempt at a stylistic history Rome : IsMEO, 1975.","id":"AUTH330359"},"details":"p. 53-4, plate Vb.","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"men","id":"AAT25928"},{"text":"shields","id":"AAT36869"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IM.88-1939"],"accessionNumberNum":"88","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1939,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-30","recordCreationDate":"2004-02-26","availableToBook":true}}