{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O94006"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O94006/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CP4286/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CP4286/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CP4286","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AT4036","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O94006/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O94006","accessionNumber":"254:1","objectType":"Manuscript cutting","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"A distinctive form of ornament on the pages of manuscripts developed in the southern Low Countries just before 1480 until about 1550. It is known as the 'Ghent-Bruges' style. In this, realistic flowers, fruits, insects and birds were painted in <i>trompe-l'oeil</i> ('to deceive the eye') on gold grounds. Objects are sometimes simulated lying on the surface of the page, disregarding the layout. In some cases, traditional grotesques and jocular scenes are integrated into the scheme. The main impact, however, was no doubt intended to lie in the hyper-real quality of the flowers and other elements.\r\n\r\nSome people have seen symbolic meanings in these flowers. But they do not appear to have the active symbolic role of such flowers as the lily in the Annunciation or the flowers and fruit depicted with the Virgin and Child in 15th-century Netherlandish painting. It is known that in some regions cut flowers were scattered on the altar, just as on the dining table at feasts.","physicalDescription":"Leaf from an Antiphoner with decorated initial P.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"parchment","id":"AAT11851"},{"text":"pigments","id":"x33204"},{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"}],"techniques":[{"text":"illumination","id":"AAT220539"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Water-based pigments, gilding and ink on parchment","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Manuscripts","id":"THES48922"},{"text":"Medieval and renaissance","id":"THES271264"},{"text":"Manuscript cutting","id":"THES275182"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2009CP4286","2006AT4036"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"I","shelf":"81","box":"I"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Manuscript","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Netherlands","id":"x29020"},"association":{"text":"illuminated","id":"AAT220539"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1500","earliest":"1495-01-01","latest":"1504-12-31"},"association":{"text":"illuminated","id":"AAT220539"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"237:1","id":"O1026744"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"237:2","id":"O1026743"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"237:3","id":"O1026742"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"237:4","id":"O1026741"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"237:5","id":"O1026740"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"239:1","id":"O1026752"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"239:2","id":"O1026751"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"239:3","id":"O1026750"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"239:4","id":"O1026749"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"239:6","id":"O507801"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"254:2","id":"O507768"},"association":"Object"}],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"415","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"300","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Purchased from J. and S. Goldschmidt as part of three portfolios (now Museum nos 234-296) designated as a 'Illuminations: a collection of 338 specimens, pages and cuttings' for the total sum of £100.0.0, received on 15 October 1872; passed on for Register in April 1874 (see Register of Drawings).","historicalContext":"Data taken from notes compiled by Rowan Watson. The full text of the entry is as follows:\r\n\r\n'254.1 (MS 235)\r\nANTIPHONER\r\nLeaf, with decorated initial P (floriated, decoration on burnished gold frame) ; border of realistic flowers (iris , rose. pansy) and peacock, owl and other birds, on bare vellum ground\r\n\r\nInc (verso) : In dedicatione eccelsie Ad vesperas super psalmos. Pax huic\r\n\r\nNetherlands. c. 1500\r\n415 x 300 mm; written space 335 x 205 mm; \r\n12 lines of music (staves of 5 red lines 4 mm apart) and text Fol. 310 (17c)\r\n\r\nBought from J&S Goldschmidt, 1872\r\nPub: 1908 cat, 29'","briefDescription":"Leaf from an Antiphoner with decorated initial P; Netherlands; ca 1500","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"owl","id":"x30399"},{"text":"peacock","id":"x30077"},{"text":"birds","id":"x35043"},{"text":"rose","id":"AAT33321"},{"text":"pansy","id":"x30496"},{"text":"iris","id":"x31407"},{"text":"flowers","id":"x35571"},{"text":"music","id":"x35606"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["254:1"],"accessionNumberNum":"254","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-30","recordCreationDate":"2004-02-26","availableToBook":false}}