{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O92642"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O92642/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AK4302/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AK4302/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AK4302","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9187","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9188","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9192","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9193","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9194","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JB9195","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O92642/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O92642","accessionNumber":"561-1872","objectType":"Ewer","titles":[{"title":"Lion Aquamanile","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"This ewer in the form of a lion is a development of a medieval tradition of casting representations of animals and fabulous creatures in brass.","physicalDescription":"Bronze ewer in the shape of a lion with a spout protruding from his mouth, and a lizard handle on the back","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"bronze","id":"AAT10957"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"AAT53104"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Bronze","categories":[{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2006AK4302","2016JB9187","2016JB9188","2016JB9192","2016JB9193","2016JB9194","2016JB9195"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"003","id":"THES395435"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Ewer","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Germany","id":"x28873"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Lower Saxony","id":"x29714"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1220-1240","earliest":"1215-01-01","latest":"1240-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"19","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"16.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"6.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions were taken by SCP on 08.12.14 for <b>Bronze Zoo: A Sculptural Menagerie</b> ","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Purchased from the firm of Abraham Pickert, Nuremberg, for £20, 1871.  Previously in the collection of Dr Friedrich Hahn, Hannover (see Norbert Jopek chapter in Bild und Bestie). Handle may have been restored (see 435-1906).","historicalContext":"This type of ewer is called an aquamanile, and is used for pouring water over the hands of Priests.","briefDescription":"Lion Aquamanile, bronze, Germany (Lower Saxony), ca. 1220-1240","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"List of Objects in the Art Division, South Kensington Museum, acquired during the Year 1872. London, 1873, p. 46. "},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Fortnum, C. Drury E.  <u>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Bronzes of European Origin in the South Kensington Museum</u>.  London, 1876, p. 113."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Falke, Otto von, and Erich Meyer.  <u>Bronzegeräte des Mittelalters. Band I. Romanische Leuchter und Gefässe, Giessgefässe der Gotik</u>.  Berlin, 1935 (reprinted Berlin, 1983), p. 65, no. 398, fig. 371."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Jopek, Norbert.  <u>“ ‘… Getting rarer every day’.  Bemerkungen zu Sammlungen mittelalterlicher Bronzegeräte im 19. Jahrhundert</u>.”  In Brandt 2008: 229-35, pp. 231-32, fig. 15-3. 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