{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O88181"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O88181/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GD3817/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GD3817/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GD3817","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3818","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3819","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3820","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3821","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3822","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3867","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GD3868","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BB2129","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3808","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KC8160","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O88181/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O88181","accessionNumber":"201-1867","objectType":"Statuette","titles":[{"title":"The Virgin and Child","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This is an ivory statuette representing the Virgin and Child, made probably in France (Normandy), in about 1340-50. Three dimensional images of the Virgin and Child were ubiquitous from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries, produced in a wide range of materials and sizes and testifying the overwhelming devotion to th Virgin. Together with the Crucifixion, statues and statuettes of the Virgin and Child were the pricipal objects of devotion in the Christian Church, and vast numbers were made for ecclesisastical, monastic and private worship.\nIvory was used all over Europe for religious works of art. It was often combined with precious metals and usually took the form of relief panels, for book covers, portable altars and caskets. An almost unbroken tradition of ivory carving extends from the Roman and Byzantine empires until the end of the 14th century. From about 1250, Paris became the centre of production for figures and reliefs intended for private devotion.","physicalDescription":"Ivory statuette of the Virgin and Child, the latter holding a bird. The seated Virgin supports the Christ-Child on her left knee. The Child is shown semi-naked, wearing a loincloth and holding a small bird by its wing in his left hand. The Virgin sits on a backless throne with overhanging seat and the back of her mantle is fully carved. ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Elephant ivory","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2013GD3817","2013GD3818","2013GD3819","2013GD3820","2013GD3821","2013GD3822","2013GD3867","2013GD3868","2006BB2129","2017KB3808","2017KC8160"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"007","id":"THES395348"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"TCRPS","id":"THES49504"},"free":"","case":"C1","shelf":"1","box":"2"},{"current":{"text":"TCRPS","id":"THES49504"},"free":"","case":"C1","shelf":"1","box":"2"},{"current":{"text":"TCRPS","id":"THES49504"},"free":"","case":"C1","shelf":"1","box":"1"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Statuette","id":""}],[{"text":"fragment","id":"AAT117130"}],[{"text":"fragment","id":"AAT117130"}],[{"text":"fragment","id":"AAT117130"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably France (Normandie)"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1340-1350","earliest":"1335-01-01","latest":"1350-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"10","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"at base","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Purchased from the Webb Collection in 1867 (£46). In the possession of John Webb, London, by 1862.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Statuette, ivory, The Virgin and Child, probably French (Normandie), ca. 1340-1350","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Stratford, Neil. 'Glastonbury and its Gothic ivories in the United States', in, Thompson, F.H. (ed.) <u>Studies in medieval sculpture.</u> London :  Society of Antiquaries of London, 1983, pp. 208-216"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Inventory of Art Objects acquired in the Year 1867. <font -u>Inventory of the Objects in the Art Division of the Museum at South Kensington, arranged According to the Dates of their Acquisition. Vol. 1.</font> London : Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., 1868, p. 12"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Cf. Leeuwenberg, Jaap. Early Nineteenth-century Gothic Ivories. <font -u>Aachener Kunstbliitter.</font> 1967, XXXIX, pp. 111-148"},{"reference":{"text":"Longhurst, Margaret H., <u>Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory</u>. Part II. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1929","id":"AUTH329986"},"details":"p.31","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, <u>Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550</u>, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014","id":"AUTH332632"},"details":"part I, pp. 56-59","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Maskell, W., <u>A Description of the Ivories Ancient and Medieval in the South Kensington Museum</u>, London, 1872","id":"AUTH330219"},"details":"pp. 76-77","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Koechlin, R., <u>Les Ivoires gothiques français</u>, 3 vols, Paris, 1924 (reprinted Paris 1968)","id":"AUTH332728"},"details":"I, pp. 249, 251, II, cat. no. 703, III, pl. CXV","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Gaborit-Chopin, Danielle. <u>Ivoires du Moyen Age</u>. Fribourg, 1978","id":"AUTH333068"},"details":"p. 159","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Gaborit-Chopin, Danielle. <u>Ivoires Médiévaux, V-XV siècle</u>. Paris, 2003","id":"AUTH333070"},"details":"pp. 440, 581","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Mary (Virgin Mary)","id":"N480"},{"text":"Christ Child","id":"N4624"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"bird","id":"x35043"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["201:1-1867","201:2-1867","201:3-1867","201:4-1867"],"accessionNumberNum":"201","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1867,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Statuette","Fragment [1]","Fragment [2]","Fragment [3]"],"assets":["2019LU3572"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-06","recordCreationDate":"2003-12-22","availableToBook":false}}