{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O87129"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O87129/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AE3907/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AE3907/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AE3907","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O87129/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O87129","accessionNumber":"251-1853","objectType":"Cameo","titles":[{"title":"Vespasian","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Shell cameos are much easier to cut than those made from gemstones. Also, the raw material is cheaper and easier to acquire. They were popular in the 16th century and then again in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the passion for carved gemstones led to a parallel explosion in the market for cheaper shell cameos. They are still popular today. This cameo together with inv.nos. 249-1853, 252-1853 and 253-1853 formed part of a series, possibly made for a royal patron who would have viewed the Roman emperors as his antecedents.","physicalDescription":"Cameo made of shell, depicting a laureated bust of the Roman emperor Vespasian","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"shell","id":"AAT11829"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved shell","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006AE3907"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"111 (VA)","id":"THES49918"},"free":"","case":"DU1","shelf":"DR4","box":"4"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Cameo","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x28927"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1550-1580","earliest":"1545-01-01","latest":"1580-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"1.375","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'Titus Vesp Caesar Aug P.M.'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"Latin","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Titus Vespasian Caesar Augustus High Priest","transliteration":"","type":"Inscription; decoration","note":"Inscription; decoration; Latin"}],"objectHistory":"Previously thought to depict the Emperor Titus, Vespasian's son.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Shell cameo of the Roman Emperor Vespasian, Italian, ca. 1550-1580","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Inventory of Art Objects Acquired in the Year 1853. In: <u>Inventory of the Objects in the Art Division of the Museum at South Kensington, Arranged According to the Dates of their Acquisition. Vol I</u>. London: Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., 1868, p. 3."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Vespasian","id":"N391"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"laurel wreaths","id":"x35223"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["251-1853"],"accessionNumberNum":"251","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1853,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2016JB5288","2019LN2392","2019LP6139","2019LU3771","2019LW8625","2023NN3563"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2003-12-12","availableToBook":false}}