{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O86887"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O86887/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9902/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9902/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BR9902","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AG8152","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AH1634","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JU6251","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O86887/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O86887","accessionNumber":"C.963-1922","objectType":"Tile","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This early example of a painted tin-glazed earthenware floor tile comes from the Cistercian abbey of Escaladieu in the foothills of the Pyrenees mountains. Related tiles are known from several other sites in south-west France, and these may all be the products of the same medieval tile workshop.","physicalDescription":"Part of a repeating pattern of rosettes in circles with quatrefoils in the interspaces","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Tin-glazed earthenware, painted","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"},{"text":"Faience","id":"THES49022"},{"text":"Tiles","id":"THES48884"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2008BR9902","2006AG8152","2006AH1634","2017JU6251"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"43","shelf":"8","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Tile","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"south-west"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late 13th century-early 14th century","earliest":"1250-01-01","latest":"1350-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Ivan D. Frossard","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"12.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"12.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"From the Abbaye de l'Escaladieu, France. Given by Ivan D Frossard, La Fere (Aisne).\r\n\r\nThere is a letter in the Registers (for 1551-1903) from Rackham to a Mons. Nicaise dated 11 February 1937. Rackham says that we have two tiles similar in technique to the Brioude tiles which came from the Abbey of Escaladieu in the Pyranees. The Abbey was founded in the 12th century and is in the neighbourhood of a castle occupied by the Counts of Foix. He goes on to say that it has been suggested that the tiles were brought from Italy by Gaston de Foix who died in 1512. Rackham says that their design of very formal foliage and rosettes is crude and hard to date and so just conjectures the 15th century.","historicalContext":"Painted tin-glazed tiles of this period are known from several sites in south-western France, including the abbeys of Escaladieu and Flaran. These were possibly all products of the same workshop.","briefDescription":"Tile of red earthenware covered with a tin glaze and painted in green and brown. French, from the abbey of Escaladieu, late 13th or early 14th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Graves, Alun. Tiles and Tilework of Europe. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 2002","id":"AUTH408050"},"details":"fig. 2.23, pp.41, 43","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Norton, Christopher. Medieval tin-glazed painted tiles in north-west Europe. <u>Medieval Archaeology</u>. 1984, vol.28, pp133-172."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Norton, E. Christopher. De l'Aquitaine à l'Artois: carreaux stannifères et carreaux plombifères des XIIIe et XIVe siècles en France. In: <u>Images du Pouvoir: Pavements du Faïence en France du XIIe au XVIIe siècle</u>. Bourg-en-Bresse / Paris: 2000, pp34-48."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Rosen, Jean. La faïence française du XIIIe au XVIIe siècle. <u>Dossier de l'Art</u>. October 2000, no. 70."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Tile, enamelled earthenware painted in green and manganese-purple.\r\nFrom the Abbey of  (Hautes Pyranees)\r\nSouthern French, c.1400","date":{"text":"1922","earliest":"1922-01-01","latest":"1922-12-31"}},{"text":"Tin-glazed tiles from the Abbey of Escaladieu, Hautes Pyrenees\r\nSouthern French, first half of 14th century","date":{"text":"1939","earliest":"1939-01-01","latest":"1939-12-31"}},{"text":"16 and 17. Floor tiles\r\nFrance (Hautes-Pyrénées), 1275-1325\r\nEarthenware painted with colours into the opaque tin-glaze \r\nFrom the Abbey of Escaladieu\r\nTin-glazed ceramics were made in France from about 1200.\r\nMuseum no. C.962, 963-1922. Given by Ivan D. Frossard.","date":{"text":"2007","earliest":"2007-01-01","latest":"2007-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["C.963-1922"],"accessionNumberNum":"963","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1922,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-09","recordCreationDate":"2003-12-08","availableToBook":false}}