{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O86456"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O86456/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM7266/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM7266/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM7266","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JV0516","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O86456/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O86456","accessionNumber":"777-1892","objectType":"Pilgrim flask","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This flask is one of the larger and more complex items produced in Kütahya in western Anatolia. The colour scheme is inherited from the palette used on Iznik ceramics and includes the distinctive red made with a liquid clay slip. But here the scheme has been expanded by the addition of yellow.\r\n\r\nThe town of Kütahya had a long tradition of making pottery. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was overshadowed by Iznik, also in Anatolia. But in the 18th century, after the industry in Iznik collapsed, Kütahya became the main centre for fritware production in Turkey.\r\n\r\nFritware was also known as stone paste and quartz paste. It was developed by Middle Eastern potters as a response to the challenge posed by Chinese porcelain. Unlike high-fired Chinese porcelain, low-fired fritware was soft and porous, but like porcelain it was white all the way through and could be used to make convincing substitutes.","physicalDescription":"Flask with round body, flattened sides and short neck; painted with polychrome floral decoration under a clear glaze.\r\n\r\nThe painted decoration is on a white ground and framed by two concentric rings in relief on both sides of the body.  At the centre is a rosette, the petals edged in blue, the six yellow stamens sprinkled with red dots.  Encircling this is a border formed of white rosettes dotted with red and edged in blue, alternated with yellow single blossoms and small blue leaves or in one instance, a floral spray.   The outer border is painted with floral sprays in blue, yellow and red.  The neck is similarly decorated with yellow and blue blossoms, each contained between  vertical blue lines topped by a chevron.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"},{"text":"clear glaze","id":"AAT15102"}],"techniques":[{"text":"fired","id":"AAT53887"},{"text":"underglazing","id":"AAT48642"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware, polychrome underglaze painted, glazed","categories":[{"text":"Containers","id":"THES48972"},{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Drinking","id":"THES48965"}],"styles":[{"text":"Ottoman","id":"AAT21614"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2006AM7266","2017JV0516"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"42 (VA)","id":"THES49806"},"free":"","case":"8E","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Pilgrim flask","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Kütahya","id":"x32534"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1750-1775","earliest":"1745-01-01","latest":"1775-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"19.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Pilgrim flask, fritware, polychrome painted, Turkey (Kütahya), 1750-1775.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Lane, Arthur. <u>Later Islamic Pottery.  Persia, Syria, Egypt, Turkey.</u> London: Faber and Faber Ltd, 1957.  Plate 51 A.\r\n\r\nCarswell, John & Dowsett CJF.  <u> Kütahya Tiles and Pottery from the Armenian Cathedral of St. James, Jerusalem </u>, Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972. p. 25, Fig. 14b."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Carswell, John & Dowsett CJF.  <u> Kütahya Tiles and Pottery from the Armenian Cathedral of St. James, Jerusalem </u>, Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.  P. 25, Fig. 14 b."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"rosettes","id":"AAT9972"},{"text":"floral sprays","id":"x36456"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Jameel Gallery\r\n\r\nPilgrim Flask\r\nTurkey, probably Kütahya\r\n1700-1800\r\n\r\nThis is one of the larger and more complex items produced in Kütahya. The colour scheme, inherited from Iznik ceramics, includes the distinctive red made with a liquid clay slip. But the scheme has been expanded by the addition of yellow. \r\n\r\nFritware painted under the glaze\r\n\r\nMuseum no. 777-1892","date":{"text":"Jameel Gallery","earliest":"2006-07-20","latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["777-1892"],"accessionNumberNum":"777","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1892,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP8840","2019LP4124","2019LW6843"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2003-11-28","availableToBook":false}}