{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O85145"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O85145/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2023NM6098/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2023NM6098/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2023NM6098","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O85145/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O85145","accessionNumber":"E.816-1937","objectType":"Painting","titles":[{"title":"Portrait of Wu Bingjian (Howqua)","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Wu Bingjian, known to westerners as 'Howqua', was a 'hong' merchant. The Chinese government authorised him to trade with Europeans in Canton in the early 19th century. Shortly before 1832 W. H. Chichele Plowden of the English East India Company commissioned the English painter George Chinnery to produce a full-length oil portrait of Howqua. The V&A painting is a copy of Chinnery's work by an anonymous Chinese artist.","physicalDescription":"Painting, a portraint, rectangular in shape and depicting a seated figure. The figure wears blue with an embroidered medallion detail on the chest in the design of a green dragon. Around their neck, a long string of beads. Their face is thin, their cheekbones high and prominent. ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"watercolour","id":"x33202"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour and ink on paper","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Chinese export watercolours","id":"THES390782"},{"text":"Figures","id":"THES274372"}],"styles":[{"text":"Qing","id":"AAT18478"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2023NM6098"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES393742"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Painting","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Canton","id":"x32464"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1840-1850","earliest":"1840-01-01","latest":"1850-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"26.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"20.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Wu Bingjian (1769-1843), known to westerners as 'Howqua', was a 'hong' merchant authorised by the Chinese government to trade with Europeans in Canton in the early 19th century. Shortly before 1832 W.H. Chichele Plowden of the English East India Company commissioned George Chinnery (1774-1852), an English painter living in Macao and Canton, to produce a full-length oil portrait of Howqua. The V&A painting is a copy of Chinnery's work, by an anonymous Chinese artist.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Painitng, 'Portrait of Wu Bingjian (Howqua)', watercolour on paper, Tingqua workshop, Canton, China, c.1840-1850","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"<i>Souvenir from Canton : Chinese export paintings from the Victoria and Albert Museum</i>, Shanghai, 2003","id":"AUTH354468"},"details":"77","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"官員","id":"CIT281795"},{"text":"肖像","id":"CIT0284756"},{"text":"朝服","id":"CIT289570"},{"text":"朝珠","id":"CIT285615"},{"text":"人物","id":"CIT282417"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.816-1937"],"accessionNumberNum":"816","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1937,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-07-27","recordCreationDate":"2003-11-04","availableToBook":true}}