{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O842623"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O842623/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020ML2019/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020ML2019/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2020ML2019","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2015HR6707","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KL2527","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O842623/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O842623","accessionNumber":"D.697-1906","objectType":"Drawing","titles":[{"title":"Six designs for ribbon-back chairs which appeared as plate no.16 in The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director (1762 ed.), Thomas Chippendale","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"These six designs for carved ribbon-back chairs by Thomas Chippendale are the original designs for plate no.16 in <i>The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director</i> (1762 ed.). The sheet of designs is signed by Chippendale as well as the engraver ‘Miller’. Tobias and Johann Sebastian Muller were employed by Chippendale as engravers for the <i>Director</i>. Chippendale produced many different designs for splat-back chairs such as these. They would have been ideal for everyday use where they could have been made in large sets and placed within a variety of interiors. Such chairs would have upholstered seats of silk damask or leather, which was a particularly suitable material for the dining room. \r\n\r\nThomas Chippendale was a fashionable designer and cabinet-maker in the eighteenth-century, providing furniture to such famous contemporary figures as David Garrick. His company produced high-quality furniture, including some key masterpieces, but Chippendale's outstanding skill was in design. His pattern-book<i> The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director </i>went through three editions in the 1750s and 60s and inspired trade catalogues and pattern-books from fellow designers. Usually produced by architects, a large, elegant pattern-book was an ambitious project for a craftsman at this time.<i> The Director </i>showed the full range of furniture available in the eighteenth century, and the range of styles that were fashionable. Chippendale created a trademark fusion of rococo style with Chinese and gothic elements, which was the basis of 'English' rococo. His style influenced furniture design in contemporary Europe and colonial America, and had a marked Victorian revival in England.<i> The Director </i>designs were the main source for Chippendale's high reputation until his furniture was first identified in 1906.","physicalDescription":"Six designs for ribbon-back chairs, the top three have splats in more gothic style, the bottom three with wider, more curved and rococo splats. All are somewhat rococo and gothic in design. The bottom right design is separated from the others in a box, and is especially curved.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Thomas Chippendale Senior","id":"A8241"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"pen and ink","id":"x32505"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"drawn","id":"x34232"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Pen and ink and wash on paper","categories":[{"text":"Designs","id":"THES48968"},{"text":"Furniture","id":"THES48948"}],"styles":[{"text":"Rococo","id":"AAT21155"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2020ML2019","2015HR6707","2017KL2527"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"W","shelf":"9","box":"A(i)"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"drawing","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"City of London","id":"x36513"},"association":{"text":"designed","id":"x29338"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1752-1762","earliest":"1747-01-01","latest":"1762-12-31"},"association":{"text":"designed","id":"x29338"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"329","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"216","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Backs of chairs","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Title in black ink to top centre"},{"content":"T. Chippendale invent. et delin.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Designed and drawn by T. Chippendale","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Signature in black ink to bottom left corner of design"},{"content":"Miller sculpt","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Engraved by Miller","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Engraver's name to bottom right corner of design."},{"content":"16","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Plate number in top right corner."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"This design appeared as Plate 16 in Chippendale's pattern-book <i> The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director</i>. The two Müller brothers were employed to engrave plates for the first and third editions of <i>The Director</i>, so it is not clear which edition this plate was for. The inscription does not make it clear either which of the two Müller brothers was the engraver here.","briefDescription":"Six designs for ribbon-back chairs, engraved and published for the <i>Director</i> (1762 ed.), pen and ink and wash on paper, ca.1752-1762, Thomas Chippendale","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"The Gentleman and Cabinet Maker's Director, 1754, pl.16"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Design","id":"THES48872"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[{"text":"Müller, Johann","id":"N10207"},{"text":"Müller, Tobias","id":"N10208"}],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"chairs","id":"AAT37772"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["D.697-1906"],"accessionNumberNum":"697","accessionNumberPrefix":"D","accessionYear":1906,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-29","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}