{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O83486"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O83486/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL4405/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL4405/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GL4405","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EV9423","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AH4759","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O83486/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O83486","accessionNumber":"IM.2:107-1917","objectType":"Painting","titles":[{"title":"One of five drawings of occupations and types.","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"The term ‘Company painting’ is applied to works made by Indian artists for Europeans living and working in India. They especially catered to British employees of the East India Company, the trading firm that, by the 18th century, had acquired a territorial empire in India. Such paintings represent a fusion of traditional Indian artistic styles with conventions and technical features borrowed from western art. The British were especially keen to have visual records of the people and places that surrounded them: portraits of local dignitaries and depictions of the various castes and trades, the strange-looking deities and temples, the festivals and ceremonies, animals and means of transport. \r\n\r\nCompany painting developed comparatively late in the Panjab in the north-west, since the British did not take over its administration until 1849. This example dating from about 1870–1875 was collected by John Lockwood Kipling while he was director from 1875 to 1893 of the Mayo School of Art at Lahore, in present-day north-east Pakistan. In 1917 it was presented to the V&A by his famous son, Rudyard. It depicts a woman carrying a huqqa (hubble-bubble or smoking pipe), through which is smoked ‘a curious compound of tobacco, spice, molasses, fruit, &c.’, to quote the 1886 Anglo-Indian dictionary ‘Hobson-Jobson’.","physicalDescription":"Water-colour drawing of a young woman holding a huqqa (water-pipe). She is wearing a white wrapped skirt with a lilac border and matching dupatta (scarf) over a red blouse. She is wearing a profusion of jewellery on her head, neck, chest and ankles.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"watercolour","id":"x33202"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"opaque watercolour","id":"x35013"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted in opaque watercolour on paper","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Indian Company Paintings","id":"THES49045"}],"styles":[{"text":"Company","id":"AAT18959"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2013GL4405","2011EV9423","2006AH4759"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"003","id":"THES403792"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Painting","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Punjab (India)","id":"x29839"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1870 - ca.1875","earliest":"1865-01-01","latest":"1879-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Rudyard Kipling Esq., Bateman's, Burwash, Sussex","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"16","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Part of an album, containing 196 prints, paintings and pen and pencil drawings together with 37 loose pages of paintings, calligraphic drawings, and outline pen drawings. The collection is mainly composed of native lithograph pictures sold at the local bazaars and fairs of Upper India and Bengal. The album was collected by late J Lockwood Kipling between the years 1865 and 1893. In 1875 he became Principal of the Mayo School of Art, Lahore and held this post until his retirement in 1893. The album was presented to the Museum by his son, Rudyard Kipling in 1917.\r\n\r\nGiven by Rudyard Kipling Esq., Bateman's, Burwash, Sussex. This acquisition information reflects that found in the Museum records (Asia Department registers and/or Central Inventory) as part of a 2023 provenance research project.\r\n\r\nR.P. 1917-2627M, R.P. 1917-2705M","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Painting; watercolour, A woman holding a huqqa, Punjab, ca. 1870 - ca. 1875","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Archer, Mildred. <u> Company Paintings Indian Paintings of the British period</u> \r\nVictoria and Albert Museum Indian Series London: Victoria and Albert Museum, Maplin Publishing, 1992 174 p. ISBN 0944142303"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"figures (representations)","id":"AAT189808"},{"text":"Huqqa-smokers","id":"x31685"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IM.2:107-1917"],"accessionNumberNum":"2","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1917,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-11","recordCreationDate":"2003-08-19","availableToBook":true}}