{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O82296"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O82296/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF7163/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF7163/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AF7163","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AF7160","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O82296/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O82296","accessionNumber":"C.863-1921","objectType":"Filter","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This filter fitted into the neck of a water bottle and kept out flies and dust. Such filters were often pierced to form designs. These included abstract patterns, calligraphic inscriptions and figural imagery such as the camel seen here.\r\n \r\nThe filter and the water bottle had a\tporous body of unglazed earthenware. This allowed water to evaporate through the sides, keeping the contents cool. This practical advantage meant that unglazed water vessels were common in both the pre-Islamic and Islamic periods.","physicalDescription":"A Fatimid water jar filter of buff earthenware in the shape of a camel.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"clay","id":"AAT10453"},{"text":"earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[{"text":"incising","id":"AAT53847"},{"text":"firing","id":"AAT53887"},{"text":"piercing","id":"AAT231153"},{"text":"pierced","id":"AAT231153"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Earthenware, incised","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Islam","id":"THES48932"},{"text":"Drinking","id":"THES48965"},{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"},{"text":"Africa","id":"THES49019"}],"styles":[{"text":"Fatimid","id":"AAT21550"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2006AF7163","2006AF7160"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"42","id":"THES49806"},"free":"","case":"1W","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Strainer","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Egypt","id":"x29512"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1000-1200","earliest":"1000-01-01","latest":"1200-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"C.899-1919","id":"O118137"},"association":"Version"},{"object":{"text":"C.871-1921","id":"O220816"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"C.907-1919","id":"O218413"},"association":"Object"},{"object":{"text":"C.857-1921","id":"O469626"},"association":"Object"}],"creditLine":"Given by G.D. Hornblower, Esq.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"1.91","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"7.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"10/02/25","earliest":"2025-02-10","latest":"2025-02-10"},"part":"filter","note":"approximate"}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Found in excavations at Fustat, Egypt.","historicalContext":"Filters were intended to fit inside earthenware jars, most likely to keep insects away from the water or liquids they were meant to contain. A number of jars with their accompanying filters have been excavated in Fustat. Filters have been found with anthropomorphic as well as decorative designs and calligraphy. They were sometimes glazed or lustre-painted. Filters seem to have been used mainly in Egypt and during the Fatimid and Ayyubid periods.","briefDescription":"Filter from a water-jar, pierced and incised to form a picture of a camel, Egypt, 11th-12th century.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Found in excavations in Fustat.","productionType":{"text":"Mass produced","id":"THES48863"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"camel","id":"x30284"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Jameel Gallery \r\n \r\n12–13 Filters from Two Water Bottles\r\nEgypt, 1000–1200\r\nPierced earthenware\r\nMuseum nos. C.863, 902-1921\r\nGiven by G.D. Hornblower, Esq.\r\n\r\n","date":{"text":"Jameel Gallery","earliest":"2006-07-20","latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["C.863-1921"],"accessionNumberNum":"863","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1921,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2025PD9087"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-03-25","recordCreationDate":"2003-07-14","availableToBook":false}}