{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O81647"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O81647/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AE7868/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AE7868/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AE7868","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MU6794","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O81647/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O81647","accessionNumber":"M.40&:1-1951","objectType":"Spice box","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This spice container was used in Jewish worship, during the Havdalah ceremony that marks the end of the Sabbath, the holy day of rest. The spices are blessed and the box is passed around for all to smell. After the ceremony, the new week starts.\r\n\r\nThe container is unusual in that at some time it was used in Christian worship as a reliquary. A small cross was attached to top and a relic placed inside the holder, sealed in red wax. The wax is just visible through the tracery window.","physicalDescription":"Copper gilt spice box. The tower is cylindrical with four elaborately pierced tracery windows, seperated by twisted columns ending in spires. The conical spire-like cover is surmounted by an orb with a crudely formed cross. The stem is cylindrical with a ball-knop and spreading foot.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"gilt copper","id":"x34723"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Gilt copper","categories":[{"text":"Judaism","id":"THES48929"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2006AE7868","2021MU6794"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"83","id":"THES49711"},"free":"","case":"CA8A","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"83","id":"THES49711"},"free":"","case":"CA8A","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Spice box","id":""}],[{"text":"Spice box","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x28927"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"15th century","earliest":"1400-01-01","latest":"1500-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Dr W.L. Hildburgh","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"19","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Hildburgh Gift (ex Hildburgh loan 1192)\r\n\r\nJews of Europe Exhibition RF.2003/597","historicalContext":"Jewish Worship\r\nJudaism is the oldest religion in the world to worship the one God.World Jewry has three main groups: Sephardic, Askenazic and Mizrahi (the Jews who never left the Middle East). All are bound together by a common history and their adherence to the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible) and the Talmud (a compendium of rabbinic law and lore).\r\n\r\nJewish religious traditions and rituals centre on the home, the community and the synagogue. Central to Judaism is the observance of the Sabbath. This is a holy day, set apart from the rest of the working week. It begins one hour before sunset on Friday and ends on Saturday evening when three stars can be seen in the night sky. \r\n\r\nThe Jewish year revolves around a number of festivals, such as Passover. These originated in ancient times and embody multiple layers of meaning, from agricultural festivals to historical events.","briefDescription":"Judaica. North Italian; copper-gilt, late 15th century\n\nSpice box. Judaica. North Italian, copper-gilt, late 15th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Keen, Michael. <u>Jewish Ritual Art in the Victoria and Albert Museum. </u> London: HMSO, 1991. 116 p., ill. ISBN 0112904491."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Harris, Julie A. 'A Tale of Two Spice Towers'. <u>Ars Judaica: The Bar Ilan Journal of Jewish Art</u>, vol. 19, No. 1 (2023), pp. 31- 45."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gertsman, Elina. 'Housing Scent, Containing Sensorium,' <u>The Medieval History Journal</u> 26.2 (2023): 246-272"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Spice Container\r\n\r\nThis spice container was used in Jewish worship, during the Havdalah ceremony that marks the end of the Sabbath, the holy day of rest. The spices are blessed and the box is passed around for all to smell. After the ceremony, the new week starts.\r\n\r\nThere are different interpretations of the meaning of the spices. They may symbolise the fragrance of the Sabbath, which is left behind when the Sabbath ends. \r\n\r\nThe container is unusual in that at some time it was used in Christian worship as a reliquary. A small cross was attached to top and a relic placed inside the holder, sealed in red wax. The wax is just visible through the tracery window. \r\n\r\nNorthern Italy, 1400-1500;\r\ncopper gilt\r\nMuseum no. M.40-1951","date":{"text":"22/11/2005","earliest":"2005-11-22","latest":"2005-11-22"}}],"partNumbers":["M.40:1-1951","M.40-1951"],"accessionNumberNum":"40","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":1951,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Spice box [1]","Spice box [2]"],"assets":["2019LV9922"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-14","recordCreationDate":"2003-06-20","availableToBook":false}}