{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O79412"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O79412/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2023NH6177/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2023NH6177/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2023NH6177","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AN7981","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AP4908","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JU6099","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O79412/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O79412","accessionNumber":"552-1905","objectType":"Dish","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The decoration on this dish has been painted under the green glaze. It features two fish and a Persian quatrain (a four-line verse). \r\n\r\nThe body of the dish is fritware, also known as stone paste or quartz paste. Middle Eastern potters developed the material as a response to the challenge posed by Chinese porcelain. The main ingredient was fine quartz powder made by grinding sand or pebbles. Small quantities of white clay and a glassy substance known as frit were added. The clay gave plasticity. The frit helped to bind the body after firing.\r\n\r\nThis piece was made in the 16th century, when ceramic production in Iran was on a modest scale. When the capital moved to Isfahan around 1600, the production of luxury dishes and wall tiles in a wide variety of styles and techniques rapidly increased.","physicalDescription":"Dish with a foliate rim, decorated in black under a green glaze with fishes and a floral border, with Persian verses below the rim.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"}],"techniques":[{"text":"underglazing","id":"AAT48642"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware, painted under the glaze","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[{"text":"Safavid","id":"AAT21712"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2023NH6177","2006AN7981","2006AP4908","2017JU6099"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"42","id":"THES49806"},"free":"","case":"WN9","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Dish","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"No","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly Tabriz"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1500-1550","earliest":"1500-01-01","latest":"1550-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"35.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"6.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"ای دل بتریق عاشقی راه یکی است \r\nدر کشور عشق بنده وشاه یکی است\r\nتا ترک دو رنکی نکنی در ره عشق\r\nواقف نشوی که نعمت الله یکی است\r\n\n\nRead  بتریق as بطریق","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Oh heart! On the journey to becoming a lover there is only one path.\r\nIn the land of love the slave and the king are as one. \r\nUntil you abandon hypocrisy on the path of love,\r\nYou will not realise that Ni'matullah is one. ","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"This quatrain is by the Sufi master and poet Shah Ni'matallah (died 1437).\r\nThe text can be found on-line at\r\nhttps://ganjoor.net/shahnematollah/robaeeshv/sh23/\r\n"}],"objectHistory":"Brought from Kubachi (Daghestan).\r\n\r\nArthur Lane suggested that the potter intended to give the dish a turquoise glaze, which is the more traditional colour, but added too much lead to the glaze mixture, which turned it bright green in the firing process. (Lane, 1957, p. 78) ","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Dish, fritware, painted in black under a transparent green glaze, the design including a pair of fish and verses in Persian, Iran, possibly Tabriz, 1500-1550.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"\r\nLisa Golombek, Robert B. Mason, Gauvin A. Bailey, <u>Tamerlane's tableware : a new approach to the chinoiserie ceramics of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Iran</u>, Costa Mesa, California, 1996, p.152."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"J. Michael Rogers, 'Ceramics', in R.W. Ferrier (ed.), <u>The Arts of Persia</u>, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1989, pp. 255-70, pl. 25."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Ernst J. Grube, 'Notes on the Decorative Arts of the Timurid Period,' in A. Forte et al. (eds.) <u>Gururajamanjarika Studi in Onore di Giuseppe Tucci</u>, Istituto Universitario Orientale, Naples, Vol. 1, 1974, pp. 233-80, fig. 20."},{"reference":{"text":"Lane, Arthur. Later Islamic Pottery. London: Faber and Faber, 1957.","id":"AUTH407102"},"details":"pp. 36, 78, pl. 52A.","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Arthur Lane,  'The So-called 'Kubachi' Wares of Persia', <u>Burlington Magazine</u>, 75, pp.156-62, pl. Ic."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Arthur Upham Pope, <u>A Survey of Persian Art</u>, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1938, pl.788."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Seyed Rasoul Mousavi Haji, Morteza Ataie and Maryam Asgariveshareh,\r\n بررسی محتوایی وشکلی کتیبه های منظوم فارسی در سفالینه های دوران تیموری وصفوی\r\nin فصلنامة علمي- پژوهشي نگره, Summer 1396/2015, no.34, p.24, fig.8, p.25–6."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Linda Komaroff, editor, <i>Dining with the Sultan: The Fine Art of Feasting,</i> Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 2023, p.209, cat. no. 53b."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"fish","id":"x30068"},{"text":"floral patterns","id":"AAT10135"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"poetry","id":"AAT55931"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Jameel Gallery \n\nSafavid Ceramics and Colour\r\nSafavid potters created brilliantly coloured ceramics. The effect was often achieved with\r\nglazes of a single colour. Many of these wares have moulded or carved decoration. The most unusual appears on bottles made in the 17th century, which bear scenes of people and animals.\r\n\r\nA second technique used coloured slips, or liquid clay, under the glaze. Potters sometimes carved the slip away to reveal the white body beneath. In other cases, they added designs in white and other slips.\r\n \r\n1 Dish with Two Fish\r\nIran\r\n1500–1600\r\nFritware painted under a green glaze\r\nMuseum no. 552-1905\r\n","date":{"text":"Jameel Gallery","earliest":"2006-07-20","latest":null}},{"text":"DISH\r\nWhite earthenware painted in black with under green glaze.\r\nNORTH PERSIAN; secondhalf of the 15th century.\r\n552-1905\r\nBrought from Kubachi in Daghestan (Caucasus).","date":{"text":"Old 133G-1970s","earliest":"0133-01-01","latest":"1979-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["552-1905"],"accessionNumberNum":"552","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1905,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR6352","2019LR6062","2019LW9921","2023NP2962"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-03-31","recordCreationDate":"2003-04-03","availableToBook":false}}