{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O79062"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O79062/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL7045/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL7045/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AL7045","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2010ED5930","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O79062/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O79062","accessionNumber":"W.67-1911","objectType":"Leather panel","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>Leather hangings were mostly used in the dining rooms of the well-to-do. Hangings of leather were preferable to textiles, as they did not retain the smell of food. Fruit and flowers were thought a suitable subject for such a room.<br><br><b>Material & Making</b><br>Silver leaf was applied to one side of the leather, which was then embossed and painted with  red  and green glazes (varnishes). Finally, an overall yellow glaze was applied to the light grey background. Holes at the edges, and the lighter pigment of the border, suggest that the panels were slightly overlapped when nailed to the walls. <br><br><b>Place</b><br>Holland, particularly, Amsterdam, was famous for the making of gilt-leather hangings. The most important manufacturer, the Compagnie van Goudleermaken (Company of Gilt Leathermakers), was established in 1641 and continued till about 1700.","physicalDescription":"Embossed gilt leather panel with three human figures between foliage and two quarters of a feston. The embossed pattern consists of swags of scrolling foliage, tulips, roses, sunflowers and other flowers, grapes, pomegranates, berries, melons, pears, plums and other fruit, amid which are Bacchus, Ceres and a third unidentified human figure, and a bird pecking fruit above his head. Painted in a red- and dark green-glaze on a light green ground. The pattern is called the' Bacchus & Ceres' plate.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Heuvel, Martinus van den (the younger)","id":"A8504"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":"probably"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"leather","id":"AAT11845"}],"techniques":[{"text":"embossing","id":"AAT53826"},{"text":"gilding","id":"AAT53789"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Embossed and gilded leather","categories":[{"text":"Wall coverings","id":"THES48878"},{"text":"Interiors","id":"THES48933"},{"text":"Leather","id":"THES49030"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2006AL7045","2010ED5930"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"56D (VA)","id":"THES49242"},"free":"","case":"PL10","shelf":"","box":"9"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Leather panel","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Amsterdam","id":"x28722"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1670","earliest":"1665-01-01","latest":"1674-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Murray Marks","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"86","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"69","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 12/06/2000 by KB\nOriginal measurements: H. 2 ft.  10 in. W. 2 ft. 3 1/4 in.\r\n\nCurrent mount -  H.95, W.78. depth 1","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Canvas-print on the back."}],"objectHistory":"Probably manufactured by Martinus van den Heuvel the younger (active 1640-1680), owner of the gilt leather firm, Compagnie van Goudleermaken, in Amsterdam.\r\n\r\nIdentical panels: V&A, museum numbers 478-1869 and W67-1911; Kunstgewerbemuseum, Dresden, inventory number 6862; Deutsches Tapetenmuseum, Kassel, inventory number 88/88; Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, inventory number RBK 18249; wall hanging in the castle of Humbeek (Belgium); V&A Museum, inventory number 478-1869 and W38-1974 (from Dyrham Park). One of the Dyrham Park panels is illustrated in Jean-Pierre Fournet, <u>Cuirs Dorées, \"Cuirs de Courdoue\", un art Européen</u> (Château de Saint-Remy-en-l'Eau: 2019), p. 199, fig. 291.\r\n\r\nThis panel has been analysed as part of the gilt leather cataloguing project in 1996. Eloy Koldeweij, October 1996.\n\nSee also: A Technical investigation into the methods and materials used for gilt leather manufacture from the collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum (unpublished report, c.1996, held by the FTF Dept.), item 15\r\nReport prepared by Christopher Calnan, Adviser on Conservation of Organic Materials at the National Trust, London.\r\nExamination of decorative surface carried out by Catherine Hassell, University College, London\r\nExamination of vegetable tannins carried out by Jan Wouters, KIK, Brussels.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Embossed gilt leather panel with three human figures between foliage and two quarters of a feston. Painted in a red- and dark green-glaze on a light green ground. The pattern is called the 'Bacchus & Ceres' plate, Martinus van den Heuvel (the younger), Amsterdam, ca. 1670.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"E. Koldeweij, 'The marketing of gilt leather in seventeenth-century Holland', Print Quarterly, XIII, 1996 no. 2, 136-148, fig. 93. & footnote 10."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Clare Taylor, 'Leather and How to Hang it' in V&A Magazine, Winter 2020, pp.58-65"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nSuch panels were used like wallpaper (see photograph). They were brightly coloured and richly textured with Restoration motifs. They were often used for dining-rooms, as leather did not absorb food smells.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["W.67-1911"],"accessionNumberNum":"67","accessionNumberPrefix":"W","accessionYear":1911,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LN1694","2019LR2475","2019LP8513","2019LP4363","2019LP4089","2019LP3406","2019LR6704","2019LU8708","2019LV4850"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-07","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}