{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O79009"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O79009/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6723/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6723/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM6723","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O79009/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O79009","accessionNumber":"W.37:1-1989","objectType":"Mould","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This mould features a stylised covered cup or vase. The handles are formed like acanthus leaves and are embellished with drapery swags. The rim of the bowl is decorated with the Greek wave pattern, and the body of the bowl with gadrooning, a pattern of sweeping, concave flutes. The actual plaster ornament was produced by pressing 'composition' into the mould. <br><br><b>Design & Designing</b><br>This motif is derived from the shape and decoration of cups and vases used in ancient Greece and Rome. It was revived in Europe from the Renaissance onwards and became especially popular in 18th-century Neo-classical decorative schemes.<br><br><b>Materials & Making</b><br>The mould was made by a specialist carver for firms making composition ornament. Boxwood is very hard and can take a great deal of detailed carving. Its hardness also makes it robust, necessary for a mould such as this which has been reused countless times.<br><br>Composition ('comp' for short) is a type of paste or putty made from glue, rosin (resin), linseed oil and whiting (chalk). It was pressed into the oiled mould and squeezed in a screw press. The pressing was removed from the mould while still flexible and applied to a backing. <br><br><b>Time</b><br>Moulds of this kind were used widely from about 1780 until about 1900. The use of moulds to make plaster reproductions reduced the demand for ornamental carvings in wood. After about 1850 the manufacturing process became more mechanised, though moulds continued to be used.<br><br><b>People</b><br>The mould was part of a collection owned by George Jackson & Sons, Ltd, a firm founded by George Jackson (1756-1840).","physicalDescription":"Mould for plaster ornament and composition pressing with a double-handled covered cup or vase design","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"George Jackson & Sons","id":"A9107"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"boxwood","id":"AAT12002"},{"text":"beech wood","id":"x30453"},{"text":"composition (material)","id":"AAT237906"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"},{"text":"moulding","id":"AAT53134"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Strip of boxwood, set in beech block","categories":[{"text":"Architectural fittings","id":"THES48994"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2006AM6723"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"118E (VA)","id":"THES49228"},"free":"","case":"WW","shelf":"","box":"8"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Mould","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1790-1810","earliest":"1790-01-01","latest":"1810-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"W.37:2-1989","id":"O80215"},"association":""}],"creditLine":"Given by Clark and Fenn Ltd.","dimensions":[],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Unknown","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Mould for plaster ornament and composition pressing, 1790-1810, English","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"VASE REVERSE CARVED MOULD\nBoxwood\nEnglish, probably 19th century\nW.37:1-1989","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}},{"text":"British Galleries:\nThe Adam style demanded a large amount of delicate low-relief ornament. These moulds are for the production of such ornament in plaster, or in composition, usually a combination of whiting, glue, rosin and oil. The finished ornament was used on furniture and other objects as well as in the decoration of rooms.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["W.37:1-1989"],"accessionNumberNum":"37","accessionNumberPrefix":"W","accessionYear":1989,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LN1521","2019LR6071","2019LU5943"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-25","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}