{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O78853"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O78853/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM3735/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM3735/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM3735","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AL8235","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AL8055","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AL8236","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM3729","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM3728","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018LC8805","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018LC8806","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018LC8807","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MW4625","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MW4660","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O78853/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O78853","accessionNumber":"T.41-1947","objectType":"Cravat ","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This cravat is made of a heavily textured needle lace, known as <i>gros point de Venise</i>, which was the most fashionable choice between the 1660s and the 1680s, for both men and women. During this period, extravagant displays of lace were increasingly worn as a mark of wealth and status. The showiest effects were achieved with lace  at the throat and wrist, setting off the face and hands, but a fashionable man might even have matching lace borders trimming his boot hose, or stockings.<br><br><b>Materials & Making</b><br>English travellers often  purchased their lace abroad and brought it home. Lace for cravats was available either by length or by the piece, made to shape.  It was usually made up by a milliner. Sometimes, at a later stage, it was adapted into a newly fashionable style.<br><br><b>Trading</b><br>In an attempt to protect the English lace industry, a royal proclamation was issued in 1662 forbidding the importation or selling of foreign lace. The royal family was exempt from this prohibition. It also seems to have been ignored by members of the court and other fashionable people, since  Venetian needle lace  continued to be freely sold and worn in London.","physicalDescription":"Venetian needle lace cravat, with two borders attached to a fine linen panel","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"needle lace","id":"AAT231662"},{"text":"linen (material)","id":"AAT14069"}],"techniques":[{"text":"needle lace making","id":"x29416"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Venetian needle lace","categories":[{"text":"Accessories","id":"THES48998"},{"text":"Lace","id":"THES48926"},{"text":"Fashion","id":"THES48957"},{"text":"Clothing","id":"THES48975"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&F","id":"THES48601"},"images":["2006AM3735","2006AL8235","2006AL8055","2006AL8236","2006AM3729","2006AM3728","2018LC8805","2018LC8806","2018LC8807","2021MW4625","2021MW4660"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES404989"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"019","id":"THES310771"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"019","id":"THES310771"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Cravat end","id":""}],[{"text":"Cravat end","id":""}],[{"text":"Cravat neckcloth","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x28927"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Venice","id":"x29237"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1650-1675","earliest":"1650-01-01","latest":"1675-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Purchased with Art Fund support","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"76.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"measurement converted from department register"},{"dimension":"Width","value":"45.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"measurement converted from department register"}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Cravat, Gros Point de Venise, Venetian, 1650-1675, attached to fine linen","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nThe heavy silver embroidery on this suit would have sparkled in both daylight and candle-light. The waistcoat, now lost, was probably of a contrasting rich fabric and colour. The fashion of a three-piece ensemble (coat, breeches and waistcoat, instead of doublet and breeches), was introduced from France in the 1660s, as was the full wig shown in the mezzotint portrait of James of about 1676 (see photograph).","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["T.41:1-1947","T.41:2-1947","T.41A-1947"],"accessionNumberNum":"41","accessionNumberPrefix":"T","accessionYear":1947,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Cravat [1]","Cravat [2]"],"assets":["2019LP8693","2019LP2617","2019LU4528"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-11-08","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}