{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O78133"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O78133/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5232/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5232/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM5232","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O78133/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O78133","accessionNumber":"E.129-1896","objectType":"Pattern book","titles":[{"title":"Metalwares pattern book for the export trade","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This object is a printed page from a pattern book.  A pattern book is a collection of designs brought together for use as a model or source by artists or craftsmen. This pattern book is anonymous and dates from about 1800.<br><br><b>Subject Depicted</b><br>This pattern-book page shows a selection of designs for metal handles for commodes (a commode is a piece of furniture which contains drawers or shelves). They are for handles made from stamped brass. To make stamped brass articles, thin sheets of brass were laid on a shaped block, known as a 'die', and hammered on the reverse, so that the design on the die becomes impressed in the brass.<br><br>Decorative brass fittings for furniture, such as handles like these, were among the staple products of the Birmingham and London brass founders during the 18th and 19th centuries.<br><br><b>People</b><br>Tadeusz Kosciuszko (1746-1817) played a significant role in the rebellions of two separate nations. During the American War of Independence of 1776-1783, Kosciuszko served with the colonists as both an engineer and a field commander, eventually at the rank of Brigadier-General. He also led the Polish-Lithuanian uprising of 1794, winning several key conflicts before his troops were defeated by vastly superior forces: the combined might of Prussia, Russia and Austria.<br><br>The inclusion of this figure in the pattern book indicates that this English merchandise was aimed at the export market.","physicalDescription":"Engraving print on paper, with cloth binding","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"cloth","id":"AAT162391"}],"techniques":[{"text":"binding","id":"x38290"},{"text":"engraved","id":"AAT53225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Engraving on paper, with cloth binding","categories":[{"text":"Pattern books","id":"THES48915"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2006AM5232"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"118A (VA)","id":"THES49236"},"free":"","case":"CA8","shelf":"","box":"12"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Pattern book","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1801-1815","earliest":"1801-01-01","latest":"1815-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"32","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 04/10/1999 by RK\n\nto be rechecked by conservation","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Titled 'Reflecting Commode Handles' and inscribed in red ink with the prices ranging between 6 to just under 10 shillings' (30-50p); on paper with watermark of Britannia and dated 1801","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8877"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Published in England","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Metalwares pattern book for the export trade","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum Department of Engraving, Illustration & Design, Old English Pattern Books of the Metal Trades: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Collection in the Museum.</u>   London: Printed under the Authority of His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1913."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"METALWARES PATTERN BOOK for the export trade 1801-1815                  \n\nThe goods advertised in this pattern book were intended for export. The furniture handles seen here include a portrait of General George Washington. They were clearly aimed at the American market.              \n\nEngraving, ink on paper; cloth binding                                                               \nPublished in England                                                                                                  \nInscribed in red ink with the prices ranging between 6 to just under 10 shillings on paper with watermark of Britannia and dated 1801          \nMuseum no. E.129-1896\r\n","date":{"text":"19/03/2018","earliest":"2018-03-19","latest":"2018-03-19"}}],"partNumbers":["E.129-1896"],"accessionNumberNum":"129","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1896,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP5491","2019LP1098","2019LU1478"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-02","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}