{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O78039"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O78039/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5227/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM5227/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM5227","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AT5717","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM5226","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O78039/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O78039","accessionNumber":"CIRC.286-1956","objectType":"Furnishing fabric","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>The pattern of this printed cotton has been created with an engraved metal roller, and its additional colours built up using wooden rollers. Roller-printing on textiles had been introduced in the late 18th century, and at first was used mainly for small-patterned dress fabrics. By the 1830s it had become a highly mechanised process, and had largely replaced block-printing in the production of fashionable furnishings.<br><br><b>Design & Designing</b><br>Many of the engravers of metal roller-plates were skilled draughtsmen. Joseph Lockett, one of the finest engravers working in the English industry in the first half of the 19th century, was largely responsible for the fashion in the 1830s for 'fancy machine-grounds', seen here, in which the whole background was covered with minute, elaborately engraved patterns.<br><br><b>Subjects Depicted</b><br>The illustrator John James Audubon (1785-1851) came to Europe from the United States in 1826 to find patrons and a publisher for his bird drawings. He was well received in Edinburgh and, after George IV subscribed for his books, in London as well. The London engraver Robert Havell undertook publication of Audubon's illustrations as <i>The Birds of America</i> in four volumes, between 1827 and 1838. One of the plates was used for the design of this textile.","physicalDescription":"Furnishing fabric of roller-printed cotton in purple, red, mauve and yellow. The pattern includes a design of birds with fruit, flowers and a vase. Additional colours added by surface roller.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"cotton","id":"AAT14067"}],"techniques":[{"text":"roller printing","id":"x33305"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Roller-printed cotton","categories":[{"text":"Textiles","id":"THES48885"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&F","id":"THES48601"},"images":["2006AM5227","2006AT5717","2006AM5226"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"118A","id":"THES49236"},"free":"","case":"CA7","shelf":"","box":"1"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Furnishing","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Lancashire","id":"x28962"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1830","earliest":"1830-01-01","latest":"1830-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by the Calico Printers' Association","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"45.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"approx.","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"63.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"approx.","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"18","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"25","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"45.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"65.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"after conservation, July 2000","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Printed in Lancashire; The birds are copied from John James Audubon's 'Birds of America.'","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Furnishing fabric of roller-printed cotton, printed in Lancashire, 1830","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nJohn James Audubon's 'The Birds of America' was first published in London in 1827. The illustrations were reproduced by a Lancashire cotton-printing firm, perhaps inspiring the fashion for exotic birds in textile design between about 1829 and 1835.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["CIRC.286-1956"],"accessionNumberNum":"286","accessionNumberPrefix":"CIRC","accessionYear":1956,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP6497","2019LP4848","2019LV5101"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-27","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}