{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O77979"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O77979/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6674/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6674/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM6674","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM7651","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O77979/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O77979","accessionNumber":"C.746-1923","objectType":"Jug","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>Globular ale or beer mugs had been imported into England from Germany since the end of the 15th century. Their practical form and tough material were perfectly adapted to their use. Stoneware mugs of this shape made in England were known as 'gorges'.<br><br><b>Time</b><br>By 1680, brown stoneware mugs were already being made at Fulham and the market for such imports from Frechen in Germany sharply declined. Potters in the Westerwald area of Germany, however, continued to make their plain grey or grey and blue stonewares for the English market until well into the 18th century.<br><br><b>Design & Designing</b><br>All-over trailing plant decoration has a long history in European ceramics, from the painted Italian maiolica oak-leaf jars of the 15th century to Staffordshire teapots of the mid-18th century. It can be expanded to fit any size of globular pot. On this mug, the use of metal sprig-moulds to apply the flowers and simple incised lines to represent the stalks has reduced the decoration to a semi-skilled process.","physicalDescription":"GERMAN JUG","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Salt-glazed stoneware, with applied moulded relief decoration and incised decoration","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Drinking","id":"THES48965"},{"text":"Containers","id":"THES48972"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM6674","2006AM7651"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"56D","id":"THES49242"},"free":"","case":"CA13","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Jug","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Westerwald","id":"x35211"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1680","earliest":"1675-01-01","latest":"1684-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by James Falcke","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"10.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"including handle","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"10.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"base","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"5.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"26/02/2016","earliest":"2016-02-26","latest":"2016-02-26"},"part":"mouth","note":"measured"}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: measured; 20/04/1999 by DW","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Made in the Westerwald, Germany","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Jug, salt-glazed stoneware, with applied moulded relief decoration and incised decoration, German, ca.1680","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nCHINESE PORCELAIN AND EUROPEAN IMITATIONS<br>\nThe whiteness of Chinese porcelain, became the ultimate goal of European potters and they tried many methods to imitate it. A coating of white clay slip tended to flake off an earthenware body, as did a white tin-glaze. High-fired stoneware, as in the German jug, was self-coloured but could be refined only to a light grey/white. John Dwight used Dorset clay and Isle of Wight sand for his expensive lathe-turned 'gorge' mugs, intended for strong ale.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["C.746-1923"],"accessionNumberNum":"746","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1923,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR1418","2019LR4761","2019LU8414"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-24","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}