{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O77919"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O77919/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM8914/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM8914/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM8914","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM8915","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O77919/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O77919","accessionNumber":"C.38-1974","objectType":"Jug","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>Large Staffordshire earthenware jugs of this type were usually matched with basins, for use on a washstand. This example, not as large as many, may perhaps have been intended for general kitchen use.<br><br><b>People</b><br>Marie-Joseph du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834), was a veteran of the American War of Independence. He led the French forces and George Washington the Americans when, in combination in the autumn of 1781, they besieged the British army at Yorktown, Virginia, which resulted in a disastrous British surrender and, within two years, the end of the war. In 1824 La Fayette was invited by the Americans to visit the 24 states of its comparatively new republic. Links between France and America were still strong, both countries having thrown off the yoke of monarchy in the late 18th century and proclaimed liberty and independence. Nevertheless, by the 1820s France had returned to monarchy, while in the USA the cotton plantations remained dependent on slave labour until the Civil War of the 1860s. And, paradoxically, it was Britain that throughout its global empire abolished the slave trade in 1807 and slavery in 1834.<br><br><b>Trade & Trading</b><br>The opportunity to exploit a visit by one former enemy to another was not lost on the potters of Staffordshire. The scene of General Lafayette landing at New York in 1824 to huge public acclaim was rapidly printed onto the dark ('flown') blue earthenware developed for the American market, and made in vast numbers by James and Ralph Clews of Cobridge, Staffordshire. So lucrative was this export trade that in 1837 James Clews emigrated to America and joined the Indiana Pottery Company for a five-year period.","physicalDescription":"COMMEMORATIVE JUG made for the American market","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Clews, James and Ralph","id":"A8057"},"association":{"text":"makers","id":"AAT251917"},"note":"probably"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Lead-glazed earthenware, with transfer-printed decoration","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM8914","2006AM8915"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"118A (VA)","id":"THES49236"},"free":"","case":"CA8","shelf":"","box":"8"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Jug","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Cobridge","id":"x35403"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1825","earliest":"1820-01-01","latest":"1829-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by the Art Institute of Chicago","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"27.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Probably made by J & R Clews in Cobridge, Staffordshire. Amelia Blanxius Collection: gift of Mrs Emma B Hodge and Mrs Jane E Bell.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"C","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nThis jug celebrates the return of a popular hero, General Lafayette (1757-1834), to the United States. Lafayette was a Frenchman who had fought against the British in the American War of Independence and became a close friend of General Washington.  He was invited to tour America in 1824 -1825.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}},{"text":"Jug\nProbably made at the factory of J&R. Clews, Cobridge, Staffordshire, about 1825\nCommemorating the landing of Lafayette at New York in 1824\nLead-glazed earthenware \n\nC.38-1974 Given by The Art Institute of Chicago (Amelia Blanxius Collection: gift of Mrs Emma B Hodge and Mrs Jane E Bell)","date":{"text":"23/05/2008","earliest":"2008-05-23","latest":"2008-05-23"}}],"partNumbers":["C.38-1974"],"accessionNumberNum":"38","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1974,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR1083","2019LP8880","2019LV7349"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}