{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O77871"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O77871/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM7647/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM7647/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM7647","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O77871/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O77871","accessionNumber":"C.176&A-1983","objectType":"Butter dish","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>Extensive glass table services became increasingly popular towards the end of the 19th century. Cheaply made, in pressed glass, such elaborate sets became widely available.<br><br><b>Materials & Making</b><br>The technique of press-moulding glass with the aid of a hand-operated machine was first perfected in the United States of America in the early 1820s. It took only two people to shape a measured quantity of hot glass in a heated metal mould. By simply  depressing a lever, a metal plunger was lowered into the glass, forcing it into the patterned mould. By the 1830s this method had spread to Europe and Britain, giving rise to stylistic changes and revolutionising the availability of glassware. The technique made the mid- to late 19th century the first period of true mass production. In the 1890s the introduction of steam-powered presses improved quality while cutting costs even further.<br><br><b>People</b><br>This butter dish was made by 'George Davidson & Co., Teams Glass Works' at Gateshead, Tyne and Wear. Founded in 1867, they soon became one of the most famous and prolific manufacturers of pressed glass in Britain.","physicalDescription":"","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"George Davidson & Co.","id":"A9106"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Glass","id":"AAT10797"}],"techniques":[{"text":"moulded","id":"x30076"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Press-moulded glass","categories":[{"text":"Glass","id":"THES48946"},{"text":"Eating","id":"THES48963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM7647"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES404190"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES404190"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Butter dish body","id":""}],[{"text":"Butter dish cover","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Gateshead","id":"x28869"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1885","earliest":"1880-01-01","latest":"1889-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Gift of M. J Franklin","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"11","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"with lid","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"18","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 01/02/2000 by JC","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Marked with a lion rampant above a crest","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8877"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"moulded","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"moulded"}],"objectHistory":"Made by George Davidson & Co., Teams Glass Works, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Glass Butter dish, Gateshead, 1885","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.176-1983","C.176A-1983"],"accessionNumberNum":"176","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1983,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Butter dish body","Butter dish cover"],"assets":["2025PG4714","2019LP8147","2019LP0760","2019LV7098","2023NR3910"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-10-14","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}