{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O77852"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O77852/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL8017/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL8017/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AL8017","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O77852/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O77852","accessionNumber":"C.139-1996","objectType":"Custard cup","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This custard cup was one of many types of tableware that were intended for a particular food. Extensive glass table services became increasingly popular towards the end of the 19th century, especially with the introduction of press-moulded glass. This  example, which may have been from such a service, was blown and then further shaped by hand. It has wheel-cut flat panels and vertical banding; the handle was made by pulling and shaping a piece of almost molten glass, applied direct to the body of the cup.<br><br><b>Materials & Making</b><br>This cup is made of lead glass. In the 17th century a higher proportion of lead oxide was introduced into glass during manufacture to offset the problems of 'crizzling' (a fine network of tiny internal fissures within the body of the glass). The resultant lead glass was clear and brilliant and especially suited to cut decoration. Cut patterns are created using rotating disks of various materials and sizes with a stream of water and an abrasive. First the pattern is painted on the surface and intitially rough-cut. It is then refined with a copper or sandstone wheel, and finally the finished object is polished. Steam-powered wheels were introduced in the early 19th century.","physicalDescription":"Glass custard cup, squat with one handle.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"glass","id":"AAT10797"}],"techniques":[{"text":"blown","id":"x30776"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Glass, blown","categories":[{"text":"Glass","id":"THES48946"},{"text":"Tableware & cutlery","id":"THES48888"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AL8017"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"125B (VA)","id":"THES49893"},"free":"","case":"CA2","shelf":"","box":"61"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Custard cup","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Sunderland","id":"x29194"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1840-1860","earliest":"1840-01-01","latest":"1860-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Rogert T Johnson in memory of Janet E Johnson","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"5.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"including handle","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"6.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 08/06/2000 by ET","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Made in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear by an unidentified maker","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Custard cup, glass, blown, Sunderland, ca. 1840-60.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nIndividual servings of custard could be offered to dinner party guests before the dessert. In her book on household management of 1888, Mrs Beeton illustrated a recipe for custard with similar cups on a silver salver. Glass custard cups could be bought to match the drinking glasses and other table glass.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["C.139-1996"],"accessionNumberNum":"139","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1996,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP8106","2019LR5975","2019LU8645"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-25","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}