{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O77479"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O77479/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6488/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM6488/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM6488","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KW7727","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2020MN3683","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O77479/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O77479","accessionNumber":"2211-1955","objectType":"Photograph","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>A stereograph is a pair of photographic images of the same subject taken from slightly different angles. This gives the illusion of a single  three-dimensional image when viewed through a stereoscope designed to hold it.<br><br><b>Ownership & Use</b><br>Stereographs were mass produced. Viewing them was a popular amusement carried out in the home from the 1850s until the early 20th century. On the reverse of this stereograph is a quote from a poem by William Cowper:<br><br>'Tis pleasant through the loopholes of retreat,<br>To peep at such a world, to see the stir<br>Of the great Babel, and not feel the crowd'.<br><br>The lines refer to the pleasure of viewing this bustling city scene in comfort through a stereoscope (the 'loopholes of retreat') without physically having to jostle with the crowd.<br><br><b>Subjects Depicted</b><br>This stereograph is from a series entitled 'Instantaneous Views of London'. The word 'instantaneous' reveals that an important selling-point for such photographs was that they quickly captured a moment in time. In this case the crowd and carriages of a busy London street are frozen in motion.","physicalDescription":"Stereoscopic photograph","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Underwood and Underwood","id":"A9238"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"albumen","id":"AAT11802"}],"techniques":[{"text":"albumen process","id":"AAT133274"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Albumen prints mounted on glass","categories":[{"text":"Scotland","id":"THES262877"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2006AM6488","2018KW7727","2020MN3683"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"X","shelf":"546","box":"A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"photograph","id":"AAT46300"}],[{"text":"stereograph","id":"AAT127197"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"New York (City)","id":"x29030"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1860-1870","earliest":"1860-01-01","latest":"1870-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"8.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"17.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 14/05/1999 by LH","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Number 57 from the series 'Instantaneous views of London'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":"A8877"},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Stereoscope made by Underwood & Underwood, New York, USA; stereographs by various photographers","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Stereoscopic photograph of St Paul's from the foot of Ludgate Hill, made by Underwood & Underwood, New York, USA, 1860 - 1870","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"St Paul's Cathedral","id":"x34856"},{"text":"London","id":"x28980"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"cathedrals","id":"AAT7501"},{"text":"buildings","id":"AAT4792"},{"text":"streets","id":"AAT8247"},{"text":"cityscapes","id":"AAT15571"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nSTEREOSCOPE AND STEREOGRAPHS<br>\nVarious dates, 1854-1901<br>\nThis stereoscope is typical of those used in Victorian homes for education and amusement. Stereographs (paired photographs taken from slightly different angles) were placed in the holder and then adjusted until the viewer saw the scene in three dimensions.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["2211-1955"],"accessionNumberNum":"2211","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1955,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP5362","2019LR4801","2019LV1812"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-27","availableToBook":false}}