{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O76531"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O76531/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL0485/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AL0485/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AL0485","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AL0486","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FT9329","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O76531/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O76531","accessionNumber":"457-1904","objectType":"Netsuke","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The netsuke is a toggle. Japanese men used netsuke to suspend various pouches and containers from their sashes by a silk cord. Netsuke had to be small and not too heavy, yet bulky enough to do the job. They needed to be compact with no sharp protruding edges, yet also strong and hardwearing. Above all they had to have the means of attaching the cord. Although netsuke were made in a variety of forms, the most widely appreciated is the <i>katabori</i> (shape carving), such as this three-dimensional carving in the form of a skull. \r\n\r\nFrom around the 1700s onwards, the designs of <i>katabori</i> netsuke were very realistic. This was probably due to the influence of European painting which reached Japan through Dutch works (rangaku. The Japanese had very little direct contact with Europeans. As a result, craftsmen began to draw from nature and use perspective, light and shade.This netsuke of a skull reflects this keen observation and attention to detail.","physicalDescription":"This carved and stained ivory netsuke is in the form of a human skull without the lower jaw.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved ivory","categories":[{"text":"Accessories","id":"THES48998"}],"styles":[{"text":"Edo period","id":"AAT106643"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2006AL0485","2006AL0486","2012FT9329"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"011","id":"THES367110"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"netsukes","id":"AAT184865"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Japan","id":"x29399"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"19th century","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1900-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Dresden Bequest","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"4.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"23/12/2016","earliest":"2016-12-23","latest":"2016-12-23"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"3.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"23/12/2016","earliest":"2016-12-23","latest":"2016-12-23"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"3.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"23/12/2016","earliest":"2016-12-23","latest":"2016-12-23"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Bequeathed by Mr. Edmond Dresden, accessioned in 1904. This acquisition information reflects that found in the Asia Department registers, as part of a 2022 provenance research project.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Netsuke in the form of a skull , carved ivory, Japan, 19th century","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"skull","id":"AAT191856"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["457-1904"],"accessionNumberNum":"457","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1904,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-12-05","recordCreationDate":"2003-03-11","availableToBook":true}}