{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O744079"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O744079/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EG8596/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EG8596/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EG8596","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O744079/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O744079","accessionNumber":"E.2935-1932","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"The Sacrifice at Lystra","type":"popular title"},{"title":"St. Paul and Barnabas at Lystra","type":"popular title"},{"title":"Raphael Cartoons","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This picture represents the moment when the people of Lystra, impressed when Saints Paul and Barnabas heal a cripple (seen on the right), mistake them as gods Mercury and Jupiter and prepare to make sacrifices in their honour before Paul and Barnabas beg them to stop. \n\nThis print reproduces a cartoon by Raphael. The so-called Raphael Cartoons are seven full size designs for tapestries by the great Italian Renaissance artist Raphael (1483-1520). They illustrate passages from the Bible concerning the lives of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. None of them is smaller than ten feet high by thirteen feet wide. They belong to Her Majesty the Queen and have been on loan to this museum since 1865. The earliest print relating to the Raphael Cartoons dates from 1516, the year in which Raphael received final payment for the commission. It inaugurates an extraordinary case study in the history of printmaking, stretching over more than four hundred and fifty years and across a wide range of printmaking techniques.\r\n\r\nGeorge Baxter is famous for having developed a method of printing in full colour. In a total output of three hundred and seventy seven prints, only fifteen, including his prints of the Cartoons, are so-called Baxterotypes. Printed in shades of brown, they simulate photographs and the name echoes the word daguerreotype, the earliest photographic process, announced in 1839. George Baxter's premonition that the depiction of works of art by means of prints made by human hand would soon be facing a challenge from the new photographic processes, was correct. His simulated photographs of the Cartoons predate the first actual photographs of the Cartoons by only three years.","physicalDescription":"In a town centre square with classical buildings a crowd has gathered to watch a sacrifice of two bulls and a ram. In the centre a man raises an axe to kill the bull standing in the centre. To the left, Saints Paul and Barnabas stand on a raised platform and there is a square plinth (altar) ornamented with carved festoons, angles, rams heads, animals a jug and a medallion, behind this stand two boys, one holding a decorated box and the other playing pipes.  In the background is a statue standing on a plinth holding a military standard and behind him is a landscape representation with more buildings. Lower right of the image a man has dropped his walking sticks.\n\r\nOn a mount with an embossed seal.\n\nThis print is in the same direction as the cartoon from which it is derived and is a faithful reproduction in compositional detail.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Baxter, George","id":"A3155"},"association":{"text":"print-maker","id":"AAT25164"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Raphael","id":"A5306"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":"from a cartoon by"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"baxter-process printing","id":"x46898"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Baxterotype","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Biblical Imagery","id":"THES253006"}],"styles":[{"text":"Victorian","id":"x29321"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2010EG8596"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLD","id":"THES49658"},"free":"","case":"PE","shelf":"51","box":"N"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"print","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"printed","id":"x46159"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1855","earliest":"1855-01-01","latest":"1855-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"ROYAL LOANS.6","id":"O1069357"},"association":"Source"}],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Francis William Baxter","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"13","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"21.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"NB. While the term ‘cripple’ has been used in this record, it has since fallen from usage and is now considered offensive. The term is repeated in this record in its original historical context.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Print by George Baxter after Raphael, 'St. Paul and Barnabas at Lystra,' 1 of 5 prints from a set of 7 depicting the Raphael Cartoons, Baxterotype, England, 1855 ","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Lewis, Courtney. <u>George Baxter, the Picture Printer.</u> 1924."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Miller, Liz. 'From Marcantonio Raimondi to the Postcard: Prints of the Raphael Cartoons'. Display leaflet, 1995."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Shearman, John. <u>Raphael's Cartoons in the collection of Her Majesty the Queen and the tapestries for the Sistine Chapel</u>. London, Phaidon, 1972."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Fermor, Sharon. <u>The Raphael Tapestry Cartoons: Narrative, Decoration, Design</u>. London, Scala Books in association with the Victoria and Albery Museum."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria & Albert Museum Department of Prints and Drawings and Department of Paintings, Accessions 1932. </u> London: HMSO, 1933"},{"reference":{"text":"Lewis, C. T. Courtney. <u>George Baxter (colour printer) his life and work: a manual for collectors</u>. London: S. Low, Marston & Co. Ltd., 1908.","id":"AUTH334051"},"details":"cat. no. 253","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Lystra","id":"x46429"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Paul (Saint)","id":"N401"},{"text":"Barnabas (Saint)","id":"N453"},{"text":"Mercury","id":"N167"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"landscapes (representations)","id":"AAT15636"},{"text":"crowd scenes","id":"x35547"},{"text":"classical statues","id":"x40815"},{"text":"axe","id":"x31779"},{"text":"bulls (animal)","id":"x30279"},{"text":"rams (animals)","id":"x31318"},{"text":"ornament","id":"AAT56258"},{"text":"festoons","id":"AAT167386"},{"text":"medallions (ornament areas)","id":"AAT77354"},{"text":"angels","id":"x30526"},{"text":"boxes (containers)","id":"AAT45643"},{"text":"townscapes (representations)","id":"AAT236227"},{"text":"sandals","id":"AAT46077"},{"text":"columns (architectural elements)","id":"AAT1571"},{"text":"plinths","id":"AAT1749"},{"text":"Clothing, Costume","id":"x31631"},{"text":"Raphael Cartoons","id":"x46441"},{"text":"altar","id":"AAT3725"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"sacrifice","id":"x36235"},{"text":"healing","id":"x38074"},{"text":"miracle","id":"x37318"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":["Bible, Acts, 14"],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"George Baxter is famous for having developed a method of printing in full colour. In a total output of three hundred and seventy seven prints, only fifteen, including his prints of the Cartoons, are so-called Baxterotypes. Printed in shades of brown, they simulate photographs and the name echoes the word daguerreotype, the earliest photographic proceess, announced in 1839. George Baxter's premonition that the depiction of works of art by means of prints made by human hand would soon be facing a challenge from the new photographic processes, was correct. His simulated photographs of the Cartoons predate the first actual photographs of the Cartoons by only three years.","date":{"text":"1995","earliest":"1995-01-01","latest":"1995-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["E.2935-1932"],"accessionNumberNum":"2935","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1932,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}