{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O73927"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O73927/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AH0843/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AH0843/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AH0843","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O73927/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O73927","accessionNumber":"M.3-1936","objectType":"Statuette","titles":[{"title":"Head of Buddha","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This bronze Buddha head is over one metre high and is all that remains of an enormous statue. Such an image would have been very expensive to produce and must surely have come from an important temple. \r\n\r\nThe head was cast in sections, and such was the skill of the sculptors, despite the size and a weight of around 100 kilos, it is hollow and the metal itself is only three millimetres thick. The sections are so thin and fine that details like the lips and eyes can be traced in hollow relief inside. The bronze mixture used is a most unusual alloy of copper, iron, tin and lead.","physicalDescription":"This head from what must have been an enormous statue has been cast in thin bronze sections. The bronze is an alloy of copper, iron, tin and lead. The presence of the iron has led to small patches of rust being seen on its surface. Over the top of the bronze was laid a layer of kaolin as a ground for bright, life-like pigments used to paint the surface. This painted layer was subsequently overlaid with paper, used to repair the flaking surface of the statue and to prepare it for redecoration. It may be significant that the paper used here is made from linenfibre, for this type of paper ceased to be used in China in many areas after the Song dynasty (960-1279). It therefore seems that the repair was an early one. Over the paper repair layer was laid a further kaolin ground, which was then painted. Conservation of the head has cleaned back to the original pigmented surface, a good amount of which is still preserved. Small areas of the paper repair and secondary painted layer have been left as a record.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Bronze","id":"AAT10957"},{"text":"Paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"Paint","id":"AAT15029"},{"text":"linen (material)","id":"AAT14069"},{"text":"Kaolin","id":"AAT10445"}],"techniques":[{"text":"Casting","id":"AAT53104"},{"text":"Painting","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Bronze, covered in kaolin ground decorated in colours","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[{"text":"Ming","id":"AAT18438"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2006AH0843"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"47F","id":"THES49793"},"free":"","case":"CA002","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Buddha head","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"China","id":"x29398"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1368-1644","earliest":"1368-01-01","latest":"1644-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Possibly"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mr Oswald T. Falk, through The Art Fund","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"108","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"including support","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"55","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"100","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"50","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Block: 45 x 45 x H7.5 cm","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Statuette, 'Head of Buddha', bronze, covered in kaolin ground decorated in colours, China, possibly Ming dyansty (1368-1644)","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"John Clarke 'The Buddha Image in Asia: Phase One of the Robert H. N. Ho Foundation Galleries of Buddhist Art' in <u>Arts of Asia</u>, September-October 2015, vol. 45, no. 5, p. 122, fig. no. 17."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"釋迦牟尼","id":"CIT281402"},{"text":"頭部 (人體)","id":"CIT288706"},{"text":"肉髻","id":"CIT0288701"},{"text":"白毫","id":"CIT0288631"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Head of the Buddha\r\n1368–1644\r\nProbably Ming dynasty\r\nThis head originally formed part of a gigantic image of\r\nthe Buddha. It might have occupied the centre of a two or\r\nthree storey high temple in China. Giant figures like this\r\nwould have been expensive to produce and could only\r\nhave been created in rich and important temples. For the\r\nworshipper they suggested the all-embracing spiritual\r\npower and majesty of the Buddha.\r\nChina\r\nCast bronze, covered in kaolin and painted;\r\nlater paper ground and paint\r\nMuseum no. M.3-1936\r\n明 加彩青銅佛首","date":{"text":"03/08/2015","earliest":"2015-08-03","latest":"2015-08-03"}}],"partNumbers":["M.3-1936"],"accessionNumberNum":"3","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":1936,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-05-21","recordCreationDate":"2003-02-05","availableToBook":false}}