{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O72647"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O72647/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL0516/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL0516/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GL0516","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EN2248","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AJ6498","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O72647/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O72647","accessionNumber":"IS.31-1952","objectType":"Painting","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Painting, in watercolour on paper, a popular Kalighat image of a seated courtesan with her right arm raised above her head holding a rose in each hand, known as <i>Golap Sundari</i>. Painted by the artist with sweeping black curves, little shading and areas of strong red and black colouring.\n","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Ghosh, Nibaran Chandra","id":"A7208"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"water-colour","id":"AAT15045"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted in watercolour on paper","categories":[{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Folk Art","id":"THES49003"},{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[{"text":"Kalighat","id":"AAT18988"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2013GL0516","2011EN2248","2006AJ6498"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"008","id":"THES403797"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"painting","id":"AAT33618"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Kolkata","id":"x32018"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1900","earliest":"1895-01-01","latest":"1904-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"MA/1/A768","id":"ARC147073"},"association":"Archive record"}],"creditLine":"Given by W.G. Archer.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"13","unit":"in","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Originally purchased at Kalighat in 1932 from the family of the artist  Nirbaran Chandra Ghosh (c. 1835-1930). Nibaran Chandra Gosh was one of the most prominent Kalighat painters in the second half of the 19th century.\nHistorical significance: Calcutta was recognised as the Capital of British India from 1833-1912. By the 1830s, artists had arrived from rural villages in Bengal and began to produce paintings that reflected local history, mythology, customs and conflicts of a colonised society. As a popular art form, these artists are recognised for their use of brilliant colour, simplified images and swift brushstrokes that became the hallmark of Kalighat painting in the 19th and early 20th century.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Painting, seated courtesan with roses, by Nibaran Chandra Ghosh, watercolour on paper, Kalighat, Kolkata, ca. 1900","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Jain, J (1999) 'Kalighat Paintings: Images from a Changing World'. Ahmedabad, Mapin."},{"reference":{"text":"Sinha, Suhashini, and Panda, C, eds. <u>Kalighat Paintings </u><u>from the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London and Victoria Memorial Hall, Kolkata</u>. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 2012. ISBN 1851776656.","id":"AUTH316144"},"details":"p.97","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Kalighat paintings : a catalogue and introduction / by W.G. Archer. London: H. M. Stationery Office, 1971 Number: 0112900291 :","id":"AUTH337614"},"details":"fig. 78., cat. no. 37, iii: p.93.","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"A seated courtesan with her right arm raised above her head holding a rose in each hand, known as <i>Golap Sundari.</i>","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"courtesan","id":"AAT236521"},{"text":"rose","id":"x31675"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IS.31-1952"],"accessionNumberNum":"31","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1952,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-01","recordCreationDate":"2003-01-07","availableToBook":true}}