{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O72242"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O72242/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JK5872/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JK5872/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016JK5872","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EV3950","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KY2602","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KY2598","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O72242/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O72242","accessionNumber":"IM.300-1914","objectType":"Figure","titles":[{"title":"Avalokiteshvara","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"The figure of which the lower part is missing from below the breast, may possibly represent the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara.  It was probably made in the eastern Deccan where many Buddhist bronzes have been found, especially in the Krishna Delta, and falls between the traditions of the north-west Deccan and developments in southern India, Sri Lanka and South-east Asia.  The left hand is in a position of<i> kataka mudra</i>, and as though holding a lotus.  The upper garment is worn in sacred-thread style <i>(vastra-vajnopavita</i>), the ends hanging loose behind and extending to the elbow.  The hair is dressed high in ascetic fashion <i>(jata makuta</i>), and two long braided strands hang down to the shoulders, terminating in loose curls.  The <i>jata</i> is decked in front with a flower, and on the lower forehead there is a faint  trace of a lightly engraved circle indicating a <i>mahapurusha lakshana</i> (conventional sign of distinction).  The ear lobes are extended and each are decorated with a small bead or pearl.  A single bangle is worn on the left wrist.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"copper alloy","id":"AAT10942"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"AAT53104"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Bronze","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Buddhism","id":"THES48984"},{"text":"Bronze","id":"THES49033"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[{"text":"Pallava","id":"AAT18918"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2016JK5872","2011EV3950","2018KY2602","2018KY2598"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES404217"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Torso","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Andhra Pradesh","id":"x29820"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late 7th Century","earliest":"0650-01-01","latest":"0699-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Purchased from Robert Sewell, Esq. (late ICS)","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"15","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Maximum (head to elbow)","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"13.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Head to waist","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Maximum","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Purchased from Robert Sewell Esq., in 1914 for £3.\r\n\r\nPurchased from Robert Sewell, Esq. (late ICS). This acquisition information reflects that found in the Museum records (Asia Department registers and/or Central Inventory) as part of a 2023 provenance research project.\r\n\r\nR.P. 1913- 1326M","historicalContext":"This image is a rare survivor of early southern Indian bronze casting.   The cult-specific features are not present here, so this image could conceivably be either of the principal Buddhist saviours (bodhisattvas, Maitreya or Avalokiteshvara). A very similar style Bodhisattva metal image was recovered in peninsular Thailand, with an image of the Amitabha Buddha in the headdress, confirming that sculpture's identity as Avalokiteshvara.","briefDescription":"Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, copper alloy, Andhra Pradesh, Deccan, late 7th century.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"<u>Lost Kingdoms : Hindu-Buddhist sculpture of early Southeast Asia</u> / John Guy ; with essays by Pierre Baptiste, Lawrence Becker, Bérénice Bellina, Robert L. Brown, Federico Carò, Pattaratorn Chirapravati, Janet G. Douglas, Arlo Griffiths, Agustijanto Indradjaya, Le Thi Lien, Pierre-Yves Manguin, Stephen A. Murphy, Ariel O'Connor, Peter Skilling, Janice Stargardt, Donna Strahan, U Thein Lwin, Geoff Wade, U Win Kyaing, Hiram Woodward, and Thierry Zéphir. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Costume Institute), c2014 Number: 9781588395245 (MMA), 1588395243 (MMA), 9780300204377 (Yale), 030020437X (Yale), 9786167339481, 6167339481","id":"AUTH332814"},"details":"Cat. 7, pp. 36-7","free":"V.Smith <u>History of Fine Art</u>, pl.XLVI, and fig 158.\n"},{"reference":{"text":"<u>Lost Kingdoms : Hindu-Buddhist sculpture of early Southeast Asia</u> / John Guy ; with essays by Pierre Baptiste, Lawrence Becker, Bérénice Bellina, Robert L. Brown, Federico Carò, Pattaratorn Chirapravati, Janet G. Douglas, Arlo Griffiths, Agustijanto Indradjaya, Le Thi Lien, Pierre-Yves Manguin, Stephen A. Murphy, Ariel O'Connor, Peter Skilling, Janice Stargardt, Donna Strahan, U Thein Lwin, Geoff Wade, U Win Kyaing, Hiram Woodward, and Thierry Zéphir. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Costume Institute), c2014 Number: 9781588395245 (MMA), 1588395243 (MMA), 9780300204377 (Yale), 030020437X (Yale), 9786167339481, 6167339481","id":"AUTH332814"},"details":"p. 36, cat.7, ill.","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"D.Barrett, The later school of Amaravati and its influences, <u>Art and letters</u>, Vol. XXVIII, 1954."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"P.Sewell, 'Some Buddhist bronzes', <i>Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>, 1895, figs.2 & 3."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"J. Irwin, ' South Indian Figure sculpture, 7th to 10th Century, A.D.' ,Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Oct. 1948, pp.105-7, pl.1."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>The art of Greater India</u>, Los Angeles County Museum, 1950, p.35 and pl. 59."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"C. Sivaramamurti,<u> South Indian Bronzes</u>, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi, 1963, pp. 45, 69, plate 2b."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"W.Zwalf, <u>Buddhism:Art and Faith</u>, British Museum Publications, 1985, No 204, pp.146-147."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Pratapaditya, Pal,  Two Sinhalese Bronze Bodhisattva Images in the Norton Simon Museum, <u>Vnanamala, Festschrift A.J.Gail</u>, Gerd J.R.Mevissen et Klaus Bruhn redigerunt, Weidler, Berlin 2006."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Guy, John. 'Buddhist Bronzes of Southern India : Rediscovering a Lost History' ,<u> Arts of Asia</u>, vol. 30, No. 6, Nov-Dec 2000, pp.103-110."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Pal, Pratapaditya, <u>The Elegant Image: Bronzes from the Indian Subcontinent in the Siddharth K. Bhansali Collection</u>, Marg and New Orleans Museum of Art, 2011, p. 110."},{"reference":{"text":"Barnard, Nick. 'A Third-Century CE Nagarjunakonda Relief and Other Sculpture from Andhra Pradesh in the Victoria and Albert Museum' in Shimada, A. and Willis, M. (eds.) <u>Amaravati: The Art of an Early Buddhist Monument in Context</u>, British Museum Research Publication 207. The British Museum, London, 2016. ISBN 978 0861592074.","id":"AUTH346692"},"details":"p. 83, fig. 109","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Irwin, John C., Indian Art, Victoria and Albert Museum, London: H. M. Stationery Office, 1968","id":"AUTH348144"},"details":"pl. 10","free":""}],"production":"Deccan, probaly from the Krishna Delta, Pallava dynasty, Andhra Pradesh.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Buddhist","id":"AAT73738"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"BODHISATTVA\nPOSSIBLY MAITREYA\nCopper alloy\nKrishna Delta\nAndhra Pradesh, Deccan\nPallva dynasty\nLate 7th century\n\nIM.300-1914\n\nThis image is a rare survivor of early southern Indian\nbronze casting.   The cult-specific features are not\npresent here, so this image could conceivably be either\nof the principal Buddhist saviours (bodhisattvas),\nMaitreya of Avalokitesvara.  A very similar style\nbodhisattva metal image was recovered in peninsular\nThailand, with an Amitabha image in the headdress,\nconfirming that sculpture's identity as Avalokiteshvara.","date":{"text":"25/09/2000","earliest":"2000-09-25","latest":"2000-09-25"}},{"text":"8. Bodhisattva, possibly Avalokiteshvara or Maitreya\r\n650–700\r\nPallava period\r\nCopper alloy\r\nSouth-eastern India (River Krishna delta, Andhra Pradesh)\r\nMuseum no. IM.300-1914","date":{"text":"06/06/2011","earliest":"2011-06-06","latest":"2011-06-06"}},{"text":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}},{"text":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}},{"text":"IS","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["IM.300-1914"],"accessionNumberNum":"300","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1914,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2020MP2011"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-03-11","recordCreationDate":"2002-12-19","availableToBook":false}}