{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O71570"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O71570/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2014HC2275/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2014HC2275/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2014HC2275","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GL0579","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AJ6475","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O71570/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O71570","accessionNumber":"IS.36-1952","objectType":"Drawing","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"An unfinished Kalighat study in black pencil, with watercolour details against a plain background, of a wife bowing at her husband's feet. The man is shown standing over his wife whilst pulling her sari to the side as he prepares to strike her. The facial features are in black outline, with pale brown and pink shading. The woman's sari and man's dhoti are in blue. The husband has a formal pleated scarf round his neck indicating that either he is about to go out or he is returning home.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Ghosh, Nibaran Chandra","id":"A7208"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"pencil","id":"x30347"},{"text":"watercolour","id":"AAT15045"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Drawn and painted in pencil and watercolour on paper","categories":[{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[{"text":"Kalighat","id":"AAT18988"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2014HC2275","2013GL0579","2006AJ6475"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"008","id":"THES403797"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"drawing","id":"AAT33973"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Kolkata","id":"x32018"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1900","earliest":"1895-01-01","latest":"1904-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"MA/1/A768","id":"ARC147073"},"association":"Archive record"}],"creditLine":"Given by W.G. Archer.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"505","unit":"mm","qualifier":"approx.","date":{"text":"15/05/2013","earliest":"2013-05-15","latest":"2013-05-15"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"333","unit":"mm","qualifier":"approx.","date":{"text":"15/05/2013","earliest":"2013-05-15","latest":"2013-05-15"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"511","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"15/05/2013","earliest":"2013-05-15","latest":"2013-05-15"},"part":"cardboard onto which object mounted","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"342","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"15/05/2013","earliest":"2013-05-15","latest":"2013-05-15"},"part":"cardboard onto which object mounted","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"150","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"19/06/2013","earliest":"2013-06-19","latest":"2013-06-19"},"part":"image inside innermost painted border","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"100","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"19/06/2013","earliest":"2013-06-19","latest":"2013-06-19"},"part":"image inside innermost painted border","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"15/05/2013 dimensions measured as part of Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project 2013; object irregular in shape","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Historical significance: Calcutta was recognised as the Capital of British India from 1833-1912. By the 1830s, artists had arrived from rural villages in Bengal and began to produce paintings that reflected local history, mythology, customs and conflicts of a colonised society. As a popular art form, these artists are recognised for their use of brilliant colour, simplified images and swift brush strokes that became the hallmark of Kalighat painting in the 19th and early 20th century. Originally purchased at Kalighat in 1932 from the family of the artist  Nirbaran Chandra Ghosh (c. 1835-1930).","historicalContext":"Unfinished watercolours similar to this image provide valuable information about the Kalighat artist's methods of working and the various stages of completion. (Jain 1999)","briefDescription":"Drawing, domestic violence, by Nibaran Chandra Ghosh, pencil and watercolour on paper, Kalighat, Kolkata, ca. 1900","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Kalighat paintings : a catalogue and introduction / by W.G. Archer. London: H. M. Stationery Office, 1971 Number: 0112900291 :","id":"AUTH337614"},"details":"fig. 80, cat. no. 37, viii: p.94.","free":"Archer, W.G (1973) Kalighat Painting, HMSO, London, p93.\r\nJain, J (1999) 'Kalighat Paintings: Images from a Changing World'. Ahmedabad, Mapin. p22, fig 7."},{"reference":{"text":"Archer, W.G., Bazaar Paintings of Calcutta, Victoria & Albert Museum, H.M.S.O., 1955","id":"AUTH348279"},"details":"p. 24 and cover","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"A wife bowing at her husband's feet. The man is shown standing over his wife whilst pulling her sari to the side as he prepares to strike her. ","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"married couples","id":"x37549"},{"text":"violence","id":"AAT192799"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IS.36-1952"],"accessionNumberNum":"36","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1952,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-16","recordCreationDate":"2002-12-05","availableToBook":true}}