{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O70759"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O70759/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AT1876/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AT1876/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AT1876","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AW2149","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AL6912","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3760","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O70759/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O70759","accessionNumber":"C.470-1927","objectType":"Tile","titles":[{"title":"Tring tiles","type":"popular title"}],"summaryDescription":"Medieval tiles were normally made by impressing designs into raw red clay blanks. The designs were carved on to wooden blocks. The hollows in the clay were then filled with contrasting white pipe-clay. But the series of tiles found at Tring in Hertfordshire were made in a different way. Here a talented and humorous potter drew the tiles through a coating of white slip. He then scraped the background away to produce a kind of ceramic strip cartoon.","physicalDescription":"Lead-glazed earthenware tile covered with a white slip, carved and incised with scenes from the apochryphal and gospel accounts of the childhood of Christ.\n\nTile of red earthenware with decoration representing incidents from the apocryphal accounts of the infancy of Christ. Executed by scratching through and cutting away a white slip under a yellow clear glaze.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Red earthenware","id":"x30295"},{"text":"Lead glaze","id":"AAT233430"},{"text":"Slip","id":"AAT10459"}],"techniques":[{"text":"glazing","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"incising","id":"AAT53847"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Red earthenware covered with a white slip, incised and carved, and a clear lead glaze","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Slipware","id":"THES49020"},{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"},{"text":"Tiles","id":"THES48884"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AT1876","2006AW2149","2006AL6912","2017KB3760"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"145","id":"THES49865"},"free":"","case":"47","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Tile","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1330","earliest":"1325-01-01","latest":"1334-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"C.9-1931","id":"O128920"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"C.119-1930","id":"O128915"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"C.469-1927","id":"O1351884"},"association":"Set"}],"creditLine":"Bought","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","value":"3.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"approximate."},{"dimension":"Width","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"taken from Register","note":"Converted from inches"},{"dimension":"Length","value":"35.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"(Registered File: MA/1/F1079 Foulkes, W.S. Mrs.)\r\n(21 June 1927) Joan Evans to Rackham: Her [Mrs Foulkes'] husband purchased them when they were reflooring a Church in the Tring district and she has had them for many years.\r\n(5 July 1927) Mrs. Foulkes to Rackham: The church they were taken from was built in the life of St. Hugh of Lincoln and the Church is in the style of York Minster which he also built; I believe - when the Chancel was restored probably abou the early sixties I think they were found under the flooring - I have had them since 1881.2- -\r\n\r\nThe British Museum analysed their tiles in 2007/8 by thermoluminescence dating and the results said that they were made between 500 and 800 years ago.","historicalContext":"From the same set as eight tiles in the British Museum with subjects from the same source.\r\nThe technique used to make these tiles is not widespread. There is only one other recorded instance of a similar tile and that is in","briefDescription":"Lead-glazed earthenware tile fragment covered with a white slip, incised and carved with apocryphal and gospel scenes from the childhood of Christ. Said to have come from Tring Church, Hertfordshire. English, made about 1330.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Hildyard, Robin. European Ceramics. London: V&A Publications, 1999.","id":"AUTH406296"},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"M.R. James & R.L. Hobson, 'Rare medieval tiles and their story', Burlington Magazine, XLII (Jan. 1923)"},{"reference":{"text":"Honey, W. B., English Pottery and Porcelain. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1947.","id":"AUTH403675"},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Alun Graves, Tiles and Tilework, V&A Publications, 2002"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Casey Mary F., 'The Fourteenth-Century Tring Tiles: A Fresh Look at their Origin and the Hebraic Aspects of the Child Jesus' Actions', <u>Peregrinations: International Society for the Study of Pilgrimage Art</u> 2.2 (2007): 1-53"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Boulton, Maureen, 'The «Evangile de l'Enfance»:  Text and Illustration in Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS  Selden Supra 38,' <u>Scriptorium</u> 37.1 (1983): 54-65,  esp. 62-65"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Strickland, Debra H, 'Gazing into Bernhard  Blumenkranz's <i>Mirror of Christian Art</i>: The  Fourteenth-Century Tring Tiles and the Jewishness of Jesus in Post-Expulsion England,' in <u>Jews and Christians in Medieval Europe: The Historiographical Legacy of Bernhard Blumenkranz</u>, ed. Philippe Buc, Martha Keil and John Tolan, Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2016, pp. 149-88,  esp. 156-58"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Childhood of Jesus Christ","id":"x40161"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":["Apocryphal gosepels","Gospels"],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Wall tile with apocryphal scene from the childhood of Jesus Christ, probably English (found in Tring Church), about 1330","date":{"text":"2010 (TAB)","earliest":"2010-01-01","latest":"2010-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["C.470-1927"],"accessionNumberNum":"470","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1927,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP4756","2019LT7080","2019LU0215","2024NR7670"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-07-23","recordCreationDate":"2002-11-25","availableToBook":false}}