{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O68333"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O68333/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020MP9929/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020MP9929/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2020MP9929","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O68333/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O68333","accessionNumber":"691E-1889","objectType":"Suite of arrows","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Each arrow has a quadrangular steel point mounted on a reed shaft painted to look like bamboo, with a white painted nock, vestigual white feather flights, and banded ornamentation in green and red lacquer behind the head and around the flights","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Chiseled forged steel mounted on painted reed","categories":[{"text":"Arms & Armour","id":"THES48992"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2020MP9929"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES389864"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}],[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}],[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}],[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}],[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}],[{"text":"Arrow","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"India","id":"x29790"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"19th century","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1900-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bought (Richard Collection)","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"75","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Average Overall","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":" ","type":"","note":""},{"content":" ","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"This set bought for £2 was purchased as a part of the Richard Collection.\r\n\r\nJules Richard (1816- 1891), born in France, travelled from Paris to Tehran, seeking a career at the Qajar court and started residing there in 1884. His proficiency in European languages helped secure him an appointment as a professor of French and English at Dar al-Funan, a European style university in Tehran. He also taught French at the royal court and served as the personal interpreter and translator for Naser-al-din Shah, coming with him during the latter’s visit to England in 1873. He also served as the caretaker of the British Mission during the Anglo-Afghan crisis of 1856-57. \r\n\r\nJules Richard supplemented his teaching and translating work with a successful art dealing business in Iran.  While in Iran, a close partnership developed between him and Robert Murdoch Smith of South Kensington Museum (now the V&A), and Director of the Persian Section of the Indo-European Telegraph company. He became the main supplier of Smith from Jan 1875 when the latter was in Tehran and from 1876, Richard had practically monopolised Smith. A collection of 2,000 objects including carpets, paintings, manuscripts, painted lacquer, and ceramics was acquired from Richard in 1875 by the South Kensington Museum (now the V&A) through Robert Murdoch Smith.   He continued to act as the Museum's agent in Tehran from 1873 to 1885. Further pieces from Richard's collection appeared at the Exposition Universelle held in Paris in 1889. In the same year, he sold more objects to the museums of South Kensington, Edinburgh, and Dublin.  \r\n\r\nBought (Richard Collection). This acquisition information reflects that found in the Museum records (Asia Department registers and/or Central Inventory) as part of a 2023 provenance research project.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Set of six arrows with chiseled steel heads, mounted on painted reed shafts, Possibly Indian, 19th century","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Indo-Persian","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["691E-1889","691D-1889","691C-1889","691B-1889","691A-1889","691-1889"],"accessionNumberNum":"691","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1889,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Arrow [1]","Arrow [2]","Arrow [3]","Arrow [4]","Arrow [5]","Arrow [6]"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-23","recordCreationDate":"2002-10-04","availableToBook":true}}