{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O556013"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O556013/"}},"images":null,"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O556013","accessionNumber":"E.597-1976","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"La Galerie du Palais ou l'Aime rivale","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"This print made in 1764 illustrates the comedy drama written by Pierre Corneille in 1633 entitled 'La Galerie du Palais'. The play is set by the Palais du Justice outside which stallholders set up their goods for sale. The print shows some of the play's characters browsing at two different stalls; on the left a man Lysandre is browsing a book-seller’s stall, while the women opposite, including Hippolyte and her companion Felice, are looking at lingerie. \r\n\nThe Palais de Justice arcade was from the seventeenth century one of the fashionable places to be seen shopping, but in literature shopping was represented as a leisure pursuit mainly for aristocratic men and linked to illicit sexual courtship. Consequently it was not seen as a socially acceptable environment for respectable women. This was changing by the mid-eighteenth century.\n\nThe eighteenth century saw a boom in consumer culture in France. Cheaper versions of luxury accessories and fabrics were available at increasingly affordable prices so that fashion became not just the preserve of the upper classes but was now available to middle and lower-class buyers. By the mid-eighteenth century the number of female consumers grew along with the variety and number of commodities and shopping became a leisure activity. Fashion retailers set up shop to entice women, with attractive front displays. Trade journals and literature of the time describe (and sometimes complain about) a new phenomenon of ‘window-shopping’ among female consumers, who caused much disruption often with no intention of buying anything. Indoor shopping arcades, built in Paris from the 1780s, made the environment for women shoppers more pleasant and respectable.\n","physicalDescription":"An arcade of stalls, left a man leaning on the counter of a bookseller's stall looking across as a lingerie stall, where two women, accompanied by a pet dog, are looking at the wares.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Noël Le Mire","id":"A31851"},"association":{"text":"printmaker","id":"AAT25165"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Hubert-François Bourguignon Gravelot","id":"A8446"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":"after"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Engraving","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Shopping","id":"THES48895"},{"text":"Entertainment & Leisure","id":"THES48959"},{"text":"Theatre","id":"THES250537"},{"text":"Illustration","id":"THES48938"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":[],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"I","shelf":"6","box":"B"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"print","id":""}],[{"text":"drawing","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Paris","id":"x29068"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1764","earliest":"1764-01-01","latest":"1764-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Mr Hugh Phillips","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"201","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"03/02/2012","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"110","unit":"mm","qualifier":"Taken from old catalogue record","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"03/02/2012","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"LA GALERIE DU PALAIS.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Lettered (title) below centre"},{"content":"N. Le Mire Sculp. 1762","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Within image, on a piece of paper pinned to the side of the bookseller's stall."}],"objectHistory":"Hugh Phillips bequest ca 1976 - Nominal file number MA/1/P1149","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Engraving, illustration from La Galerie du Palais, by Noël Le Mire; Paris, 1764.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Hugh Phillips. <u> Mid-Georgian London</u>. London, 1964, fig 221."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Hédou, Jules. <u>Noël Le Mire et son œuvre, suivi du catalogue de l'œuvre gravé de Louis Le Mire</u>. Paris, J. Baur, 1875, no. 17, p.191."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Jones, Jennifer. 'Coquettes and Grisettes: Women Buying and Selling in Ancien Regime Paris', in <u>The Sex of Things: Gender and Consumption in Historical Perspective</u> Eds. Victoria De Grazia, Ellen Furlough. University of California Press, 1996, 25-53."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Fairchilds, Cissie. The production and marketing of populuxe goods in eighteenth-century Paris, in John Brewer and Roy Porter eds. <u>Consumers and the World of Goods</u>. London : Routledge, 1993. pp. 228-248."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Goodman, Dena. <u>Becoming a woman in the age of letters</u>. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Corneille, Pierre. 'La Galerie du Palais ou L'Aime rivale' in <u>Theatre de Pierre Corneille. Avec de Commentiare,....</u> Paris, 1764. Vol. 11, plate following page 254, entitled 'ce visage vaut mieux que toutes voc chansons'."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"fan","id":"AAT258857"},{"text":"costume","id":"x31631"},{"text":"shopping","id":"AAT5261"},{"text":"dog","id":"AAT24149"},{"text":"bookseller","id":"AAT25244"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":["Pierre Corneille 'La Galerie du Palais', 1633"],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.597-1976"],"accessionNumberNum":"597","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1976,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-30","availableToBook":false}}