{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O483024"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O483024/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021MX2675/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021MX2675/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2021MX2675","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX2679","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX2676","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX2677","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019LY6436","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MH8456","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MH8454","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019MH8455","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O483024","accessionNumber":"FE.186-1995","objectType":"Hat","titles":[{"title":"Liangmao","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"In Hong Kong, Hakka women wear these distinctive hats, known as <i>liangmao</i> ('cool hat'), when working outdoors. Originally from northern China, the Hakka people migrated south, and some eventually settled in the rural areas of Hong Kong at the turn of the 20th century. The term 'Hakka' means ‘guest people’, a reference to their history of constant migration resettlement.\nHakka women prefer simplicity and comfort when it comes to clothing, with black a favourite colour for workwear. This hat is made from woven bamboo, in the shape of a flat disc with a hole at the centre for the head. Along the outer edge is a veil, fashioned from two lengths of black plain-weave cotton, neatly arranged in tight, narrow knife pleats. The pleats are held in place at the top with a row of simple running stitches, allowing the veil to swing gracefully when the wearer moves, creating a cooling breeze. As well as being visually striking, the hat would also have shielded the wearer’s face and shoulders from the sun. \r\n","physicalDescription":"Hat for a Hakka woman, in the shape of a flat disc, with a circular hole at the centre. It is made of woven bamboo and rattan, and has a black pleated cotton veil around the rim and green plastic ties. ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"bamboo","id":"AAT11873"},{"text":"rattan","id":"AAT11865"},{"text":"cotton textile","id":"AAT14067"},{"text":"plastic","id":"AAT14570"}],"techniques":[{"text":"plain weave","id":"x37295"},{"text":"pleating","id":"AAT228556"},{"text":"weaving","id":"AAT53642"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Woven bamboo; rattan; pleated, plain-weave cotton; plastic","categories":[{"text":"Textiles","id":"THES48885"},{"text":"Hats & headwear","id":"THES48943"},{"text":"Accessories","id":"THES48998"},{"text":"Day wear","id":"THES49000"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2021MX2675","2021MX2679","2021MX2676","2021MX2677","2019LY6436","2019MH8456","2019MH8454","2019MH8455"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES394996"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Hat","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"China","id":"x29398"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1950-1980","earliest":"1950-01-01","latest":"1980-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Supported by the Friends of the V&A","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"42","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"14","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"textile","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Hat for a Hakka woman (<i>liangmao</i>), woven bamboo; rattan; plain-weave cotton, and green plastic ties, China, 1950-1980","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"The former owner acquired this hat in Hong Kong. It was probably made in Guangdong province.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["FE.186-1995"],"accessionNumberNum":"186","accessionNumberPrefix":"FE","accessionYear":1995,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-10-02","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":false}}