{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O476014"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O476014/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019LY8675/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019LY8675/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2019LY8675","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O476014/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O476014","accessionNumber":"870-1872","objectType":"Turban","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<i>Kashida</i> embroideries of white muslin stitched with naturally golden tasar or muga silk were a speciality of Bengal, a region now comprising northeast India and Bangladesh. <i>Kashidas</i>made in the form of <i>rumals</i>, or kerchiefs, were especially popular in Middle East, where they were worn as turban cloths and veils. Specially imported <i>kashida</i> <i>rumals</i> made for Muslim pilgrims travelling to Mecca became known as <i>haj ka rumal</i> or <i>rumal-i-hajj</i>. This turban is made of a <i>kashida rumal</i> wrapped around a cotton skull cap. It was purchased from an international exhibition held in London in 1872, where it was displayed as part of a group of three turbans representing the styles worn in Mumbai by the 'Memons, Khojas, and Eranees [Iranis]', three Muslim communities with historic links to Indo-Arab trade.","physicalDescription":"White muslin rumal embroidered with tasar or muga silk in chainstitch, wrapped around a skull cap of red, blue, orange and white cotton. ","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"","categories":[{"text":"Textiles","id":"THES48885"},{"text":"Hats & headwear","id":"THES48943"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2019LY8675"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES327020"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Turban","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Bengal","id":"x30825"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Rumal"},{"place":{"text":"Mumbai","id":"x30829"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Turban"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"c.1872","earliest":"1867-01-01","latest":"1876-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"1872 Register entry: 'Turban. \"Pheta\". White cotton embroidered with flowers in gold-coloured silk. Worn by Khojas.  Indian (Annual Intern'l Ex. 1872) diam. 10 1/2 in. / Date of receipt from Stores: 25 Oct. '72 / From whom received: Indian Court, Ex '72 / Price: £2 / 870-'72.'\r\n\r\n1872 London International Exhibition Catalogue entry: '848 (3254 to 3256). TURBANS (3); white. \"Phetta.\" Worn by Memons, Khojas, and Eranees. Bombay.'","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Turban created by the wrapping of a Bengali silk-embroidered white muslin kashida rumal around a skull cap, reportedly as worn by men of the Khoja community in Mumbai, c.1872","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["870-1872"],"accessionNumberNum":"870","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1872,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-06-05","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":false}}