{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O454590"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O454590/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL4385/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GL4385/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GL4385","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O454590/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O454590","accessionNumber":"IM.17-1916","objectType":"Drawing","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The perch on which these birds perch is formed form the Arabic words that read 'Ya Fattah.', on the right, with the same words in mirror reverse on the left. Their legs are formed from the word 'Allah'. For Muslims, ‘Fattah’ is one of the ninety-nine Beautiful Names of God. The drawing was collected in the Lahore bazaar by Colonel Thomas Holbein Hendley, when he came from Lahore to visit his friend John Lockwood Kipling, head of the Lahore School of Art. ","physicalDescription":"Drawing, in black ink on paper, ornamental calligraphy in the form of two birds, face to face, perched upon curving branches. ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"},{"text":"water-colour","id":"AAT15045"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"drawn","id":"x30545"},{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Drawn and painted in ink on paper","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Animals and Wildlife","id":"THES250852"},{"text":"Calligraphy","id":"THES254199"},{"text":"Islam","id":"THES48932"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2013GL4385"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES403793"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"drawing","id":"AAT33973"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Lahore","id":"x30874"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late 19th century","earliest":"1850-01-01","latest":"1899-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Col J. Holbein Hendley, C.I.E.","dimensions":[],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"\r\n","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"See letter of Hendley to Caspar Purdon Clarke, December 31 1915 on NFMA/1/H1596, Hendley Family, where he notes that these were from 'the bazaar' and are the originals of those published by him and Chaubey Bisvesvar Nath of Jaipur in the Journal of Indian Art. Several of the calligraphic birds and animals reproduced in the Journal are signed and give their place of origin as Lahore, or the Lahore bazaar.\r\n\r\nOwned by Thomas Holbein Hendley, who was a British medical officer in the Indian Medical Service from 1869 until 1903. He was also an authority figure on Indian art and helped find the Quarterly Journal of Indian Art in 1886.  When the Residency Surgeon of Jaipur, he helped establish the Jaipur Museum in 1881. In 1883, he organised the Jeypore Exhibition of Decorative and Industrial Arts whose collection along with that of the museum was moved to the building now known as the Albert Hall Museum.  \r\n\r\nGiven by Col J. Holbein Hendley, C.I.E., 4 Loudoun Road, St. John's Wood, N.W. This acquisition information reflects that found in the Museum records (Asia Department registers and/or Central Inventory) as part of a 2023 provenance research project.\r\n\r\nR.P. 1916/12M","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Drawing, calligraphy in the form of two birds, in ink on paper, Lahore, late 19th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":" Visvesvar and Hendley, 'Calligraphy', JIA vol.XVI, No. 124, Pl. 12, No. 13"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"Ornamental calligraphy in the form of two birds, face to face, perched upon curving branches. ","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"birds","id":"x35043"},{"text":"elephant","id":"x30316"},{"text":"calligraphy","id":"AAT53162"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"CALLIGRAPHIC BIRDS\r\nInk on paper\r\nLahore\r\nc. 1880\r\nIM.17-1916\r\nGiven by Col. T. Holbein Hendley, CIE\r\nLahore was an important centre of fine calligraphy in the Mughal period, and continued to be throughout the nineteenth century. The bird on the right of the composition is formed from the Arabic letters of the words ‘Ya Fattah. Allah’ (or ‘Allah. Ya Fattah’), meaning ‘God, O Conqueror!’ This is repeated in mirror reverse to form the bird on the left. For Muslims, ‘Fattah’ is one of the ninety-nine Beautiful Names of God. Like the lion next to it, this was collected in the Lahore bazaar in 1880. \r\n","date":{"text":"August 2018","earliest":"2018-08-01","latest":"2018-08-31"}}],"partNumbers":["IM.17-1916"],"accessionNumberNum":"17","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1916,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-23","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":true}}