{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O450645"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O450645/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JB4960/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JB4960/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016JB4960","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O450645/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O450645","accessionNumber":"772(IS)","objectType":"Yoni","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The yoni, which represents the vulva, is the female counterpart to the lingam. The lingam represents the phallus and is a symbol of the Hindu god Shiva. The lingam is usually stood upon the yoni, thus conveying union between the two genders and they are used in Hindu worship. Sometimes a yoni may have grooves carved into its surface to channel away water that may be poured over the lingam.","physicalDescription":"A yoni, fashioned and polished in colourless rock crystal. Generally cylindrical with a v-shaped groove cut around the middle, resembling a pulley, with a central  protrusion at one end together with a second, lateral protrusion.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"quartz crystal","id":"AAT11152"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Rock crystal, cut and polished using abrasives, most probably fashioned in part on a bow-driven lathe.","categories":[{"text":"Ceremonial objects","id":"THES48981"},{"text":"Gemstones","id":"THES270329"},{"text":"Hardstone","id":"THES270137"},{"text":"Hinduism","id":"THES48941"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"India Museum","id":"THES286062"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2016JB4960"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"016","id":"THES374547"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Yoni","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"India","id":"x29790"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"36.0","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"31/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-31","latest":"2015-07-31"},"part":"772(IS)","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"32.4 to 33.8","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"31/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-31","latest":"2015-07-31"},"part":"772(IS)","note":"Diameter range of the base"},{"dimension":"Length","value":"44.4","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"31/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-31","latest":"2015-07-31"},"part":"772(IS)","note":"Length of the upper part, including the lateral protrusion"},{"dimension":"Width","value":"34.8","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"31/07/2015","earliest":"2015-07-31","latest":"2015-07-31"},"part":"772(IS)","note":"Width of the upper part, at 90 degrees to the lateral protrusion"}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"This object was formerly in the India Museum in London and it was transferred to the South Kensington Museum (later renamed The Victoria & Albert Museum) in 1879.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"A yoni, for religious use, rock crystal, northern India","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Dallpiccola, Anna L., Author. Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend. Thames & Hudson Ltd., 2002. ISBN 0-500-28402-4"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Liebert, Gösta, Author. Iconographic Dictionary of the Indian Religions. Sri Satguru Publications, Delhi, India, 1986. ISBN 81-7030-098-3"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["772(IS)"],"accessionNumberNum":"772","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":null,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-12","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":true}}