{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O434119"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O434119/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KX3725/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KX3725/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018KX3725","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O434119/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O434119","accessionNumber":"IS.5-1958","objectType":"Painting","titles":[{"title":"Asthasahasrika Prajnaparamita","type":"popular title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Folio from an Asthasahasrika  Prajnaparamita manuscript, in gouache and ink on palm leaf.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"palm leaf","id":"AAT11894"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"},{"text":"gouache","id":"AAT70114"},{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted in gouache and ink on palm leaf","categories":[{"text":"Buddhism","id":"THES48984"},{"text":"Manuscripts","id":"THES48922"},{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Illustration","id":"THES48938"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[{"text":"Pala Period","id":"x32276"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2018KX3725"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"011","id":"THES406569"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Painting","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Bengal","id":"x30825"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1112","earliest":"1107-01-01","latest":"1116-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"53.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"6.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"9.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Modern glass mount","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"58.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Modern glass mount","note":""},{"dimension":"Thickness","value":"0.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Modern glass mount","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Acquired from Mr T Harris, 39 Westmark Point, Roehampton, London, SW15, England","historicalContext":"From the E Vredenburg collection","briefDescription":"Manuscript, Asthasahasrika Prajnaparamita, palm leaf, painted, Bengal, ca. 1112","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"E Vredenburg: 'The Continuity of Pictorial Tradition in the Art of India', Rupam No 1, Calcutta, 1920, figures 3, 4 & 8\r\nLosty, J P: 'The Art of the Book in India', p32\r\nLosty, J P in Bautze-Picron, C (ed): 'Essays in Honour of James C Harle', New Delhi, 1990, pp 189-200\r\nBussagli, Mario: 'La Miniatura Indiana', Milan, 1966, plates 1 & 2\r\n\"Seven leaves from a manuscript of the Buddhist text, the 'Ashtasahasrika Prajnaparamita' ('The Transcendental Wisdom of the Further Shore in 8000 verses') in Sanskrit on palm leaf. The 18 pictures are of Buddhist divinities and form three groups of six, one at the beginning of the manuscript, another in the exact centre, a third at the end.\r\nThe paintings are not intended to illustrate the text, but rather to preserve it from harm and attract celestial beings.\r\nWritten at the expense of Udaya Sinha, a house-holder, for the benefit of the souls of his parents in the 36th year of the reign of Ramapala (a member of the Pala dynasty of Bengal).\"\r\n\r\nFor a similar manuscript dated in the 39th regnal year of Ramapala, see 'Oriental Art', Summer 1967 and Summer 1960.\r\n\r\nNote: Ganguly, D C: 'The Struggle for Empire' in Majumdar, R C (ed): 'The History and Culture of the Indian People', Vol V, Bombay, 1957, p28. This places the accession of Ramapala in about the year 1077 AD."}],"production":"India","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IS.5-1958"],"accessionNumberNum":"5","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1958,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"Folio 2","aspects":["WHOLE","recto","verso"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-27","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":true}}