{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O405718"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O405718/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GB1170/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GB1170/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GB1170","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BE9876","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AT8893","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O405718/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O405718","accessionNumber":"IM.124-1921","objectType":"Painting","titles":[{"title":"Rao Bharah and Jassa Jam","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"These Mughal portraits depict two leading Gujarati landowners. The two men visited Jahangi  in 1618 during the emperor's expedition to Gujarat, accompanied by his leading artists. However, they did not arrive together, and the portraits must have been copied from separate studies that were later combined into this imaginary scene of peaceful companionship. A contemporary history notes that the Jam and Baharah shared the same ancestor. The painting is ascribed in the margin to Bishndas. If reliable, this must date the painting to some time after 1620 when the artist returned from a diplomatic mission to Iran, where he had been sent by Jahangir specifically to record the liknesses of Shah 'Abbas and members his court. The finely drawn gold decoration over indigo-dyed paper of the borders is probably contemporary with the painting. ","physicalDescription":"Rao Bharah, dressed in white and with a sword in his sash, kneels on a raised dais covered with a floral carpet, his face in profile looking at his  companion. The dark-skinned Jassa Jam kneels with his hands also clasped respectfully in front of him. His face is depicted in three-quarter view, and he looks beyond Rao Bharah. The borders are finely painted with gold floral decoration on indigo-dyed paper. Black ink inscriptions identify the artist, Bishndas, and the individuals. The two men visited Jahangir at the Mughal encampment in Gujarat on different occasions, and their portraits must have been done as separate studies. That they were copied and combined for this imaginary scene is indicated by the discrepancy in scale between the two figures.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bishndas","id":"A2029"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"},{"text":"opaque watercolour","id":"x35013"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted in opaque watercolour and gold on paper","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Portraits","id":"THES48906"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[{"text":"Mughal","id":"AAT18939"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2013GB1170","2006BE9876","2006AT8893"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"006","id":"THES403710"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"painting","id":"AAT33618"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Mughal Empire","id":"THES262021"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1618-1620","earliest":"1613-01-01","latest":"1622-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Lady Wantage","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"389","unit":"mm","qualifier":"maximum","date":{"text":"14/08/2013","earliest":"2013-08-14","latest":"2013-08-14"},"part":"page","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"263","unit":"mm","qualifier":"maximum","date":{"text":"14/08/2013","earliest":"2013-08-14","latest":"2013-08-14"},"part":"page","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"228","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"14/08/2013","earliest":"2013-08-14","latest":"2013-08-14"},"part":"image within innermost painted borders","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"158","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"14/08/2013","earliest":"2013-08-14","latest":"2013-08-14"},"part":"image within innermost painted borders","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"14/08/2013 dimensions measured as part of Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project 2013","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Part of the bequest of the Right Honourable Harriet Sarah Baroness Wantage, of Locking House, Wantage Berks, widow of the first and last Baron Wantage, V.C., K.C.B., V.D.\r\n\r\nR.P. 1920-8342, 1920-5869, 1921-3081, 1921-177","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Painting, portraits of Rao Bharah and Jassa Jam, ascribed to Bishndas, opaque watercolour and gold on paper, border and decoration Mughal, ca. 1618-20","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"STRONGE, Susan. <u>Painting for the Mughal Emperor: The Art of the Book 1560 – 1660</u> London : V&A Publications, 2002. 192p, ill. ISBN 1 85177 358 4.","id":"AUTH326134"},"details":"p. 140, pl. 107","free":"Stuart  Cary Welch, The Art of Mughal India. Painting and precious objects, Asia Society New York, 1964, cat 34, colour illus and comments pp 73-4 \r\nRoda Ahluwalia, ‘A Noteworthy Ustad in the Imperial Mughal Kitabkhane of Akbar and Jahangir’, in Roda Ahluwalia, ed. Reflections on Mughal Art & Culture, Niyogi Books/The K.R. Cama Oriental Institute, Mumbai, 2021. See fig. 12, p. 76 (cropped image).\r\n"},{"reference":{"text":"In the image of man : the Indian perception of the universe through 2000 years of painting and sculpture : [exhibition / organized by Catherine Lampert assisted by Rosalie Cass]. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson :in association with the Arts Council of Great Britain, 1982 Number: 0297780719, 0297781243 (pbk.)","id":"AUTH339940"},"details":"p. 148, cat. no. 192","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"The Indian Portrait: 1560-1860 London: National Portrait Gallery, 2010 Number: 978 1 85514 409 5","id":"AUTH340071"},"details":"p. 88, cat. no. 20, and p. 171, fig. 2. detail.","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"Portraits of Rai Bharo and Jassa Jam.","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"landowners","id":"AAT230871"},{"text":"landscape","id":"AAT8626"},{"text":"tree","id":"AAT132410"},{"text":"carpet","id":"AAT185756"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IM.124-1921"],"accessionNumberNum":"124","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1921,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-12-05","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-25","availableToBook":false}}