{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O4041"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O4041/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM0421/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM0421/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM0421","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O4041/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O4041","accessionNumber":"C.292-1909","objectType":"Ice glass","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This ice glass was one of many types of tableware intended for a  particular food. Extensive glass table services became increasingly popular towards the end of the 19th century, especially after  press-moulded glass was introduced. This sturdy piece is blown and then further shaped by hand, with wheel-cut flat panels. It was probably made for use in a public café.<br><br><b>Materials & Making</b><br>This piece is made of lead glass. In the 17th century a higher proportion of lead oxide was introduced into glass during manufacture to offset the problems of 'crizzling' (a fine network of tiny internal fissures within the body of the glass). The resultant lead glass was clear and brilliant, and especially suited to cut decoration. Cut patterns are created using rotating disks of various materials and sizes with a stream of water and an abrasive. First the pattern is painted on the surface and intitially rough-cut. It is then refined with a copper or sandstone wheel, and finally the finished object is polished. Steam-powered wheels were introduced in the early 19th century.","physicalDescription":"Stem: baluster; Bowl: bucket","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Wheel-cut glass","categories":[{"text":"Glass","id":"THES48946"},{"text":"Food vessels & Tableware","id":"THES48952"},{"text":"British Galleries","id":"THES48985"}],"styles":[{"text":"BRITAIN","id":"AAT111159"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM0421"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"125B (VA)","id":"THES49893"},"free":"","case":"CA2","shelf":"","box":"59"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Glass","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1850-1900","earliest":"1850-01-01","latest":"1900-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by C. B. Farmer, Esq.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"9.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"5.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 08/06/2000 by ET","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Made in England","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Deceptive glass, England, 1820-1840","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nIces were served at the kind of evening party known as an 'At Home' or as a dessert. Mrs Beeton wrote: 'Ices for dessert are usually moulded: but when this is not the case, they are handed round in glasses, with wafers to accompany them.' Robust glasses like this would be used in cafés to hold a scoop of ice.","date":{"text":"27/03/2003","earliest":"2003-03-27","latest":"2003-03-27"}}],"partNumbers":["C.292-1909"],"accessionNumberNum":"292","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1909,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Glass gallery number","id":"THES50491"},"number":"6414"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR1397","2019LR4777","2019LV5374"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"1997-12-13","availableToBook":false}}