{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O372419"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O372419/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019LK4141/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019LK4141/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2019LK4141","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O372419/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O372419","accessionNumber":"W.22-1961","objectType":"Clarinet","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Richard Bilton, the maker of this instrument, traded from Westminster Bridge Street, London, between 1826 and 1856. The invention of the clarinet is often assigned to Johann Christoph Denner (1655-1707) of Nuremberg, but the first recorded instruments were actually made by his son, Jacob, in 1710. The earliest versions were pitched at C or D, but after about 1770 they were mostly pitched at B flat, like this example. By this time, the clarinet was widely played throughout Europe and featured prominently in the music of W.A.Mozart (1756-1791).","physicalDescription":"'Boxwood, in four joints, ivory mounted. Ebony mouthpiece, with long tenon which meets the tenon of the upper joint inside the barrel. Fourteen round brass keys, mounted on blocks in the wood save for four which are mounted on brass saddles, namely on the upper joint the keys for E flat, F, and A flat, and on the lower joint the side F sharp key. A plain fingerhole for low F. Pitch of instrument: B flat'. - Anthony Baines:<i>Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments</i> (London, 1998), p. 100.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bilton, Richard John","id":"A29322"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28690"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"boxwood","id":"AAT12002"},{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"},{"text":"ebony","id":"AAT12055"},{"text":"brass","id":"AAT10946"}],"techniques":[{"text":"turning","id":"AAT53158"},{"text":"drilling","id":"AAT53151"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Turned and drilled boxwood joints; turned ivory mounts; turned ebony mouth piece; brass keys.","categories":[{"text":"Musical instruments","id":"THES48919"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2019LK4141"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"005","id":"THES299410"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Clarinet","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1826 to ca. 1835","earliest":"1821-01-01","latest":"1839-12-31"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given to the Museum by J.Weylandt, Esq.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"65.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"total (including mouthpiece)","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"1.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Bore of upper joint","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"1.90","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Bore at lower joint.","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measurements taken from Anthony Baines: Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments. (London, 1998), p. 100.","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Bilton / Fecit/ late apprentice and for'n to/ Cramer London","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Stamped on the upper joint over a stamped unicorn's head"},{"content":"Bilton London [over unicorn] 9 Westminster Bridge Road","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Stamped on the lower joint."},{"content":"Bilton London [over unicorn's head]","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Stamped over the barrel below the mouthpiece and bell of the instrument"}],"objectHistory":"This imstrument was given to this Museum by J.Weylandt, Esq.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Boxwood with ivory mounts, by R.J.Bilton, English, about 1826-35.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Anthony Baines: Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments. (London, 1998), p. 100."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"unicorn","id":"x30658"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["W.22-1961"],"accessionNumberNum":"22","accessionNumberPrefix":"W","accessionYear":1961,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}