{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O370175"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O370175/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JY9318/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JY9318/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2017JY9318","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JY9320","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JY9319","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2020MM5552","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2020MM5558","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O370175/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O370175","accessionNumber":"220-1898","objectType":"Panel","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This panel, carved in low relief with a head in profile (known as a ‘romayne’ head), is decorated with classical motifs, reflecting fashionable 16th century interest in the Renaissance or ‘Antique’ style. It would originally have been one of numerous panels, both plain and carved, that clad the interior walls of a particularly well-appointed room, providing rich colour and decoration as well as reducing draughts. Similar panels were also used for doors and moveable furniture. ‘Wainscot’ as such room panelling is also known takes its name from the contemporary term for the high quality, imported continental oak that was preferred for the thin panels with detailed carving because of its tight grain and even, regular character.\r\nThe decoration of the panel is similar to that of surviving panelled rooms from Boughton Malherbe, Kent, and Waltham Abbey, Essex, which date from about 1520 until 1540. Profiled heads, derived ultimately from classical medallions and coins, and classical candelabra were widely used as decoration in Britain from about 1520. Such motifs probably derive from printed designs published in Germany and the Netherlands, and were popularised by continental craftsmen working in Britain from the early 16th century onwards.\r\nThis panel was part of a collection of carved woodwork owned by  Charles Marshall (1847- 1907), a solicitor and artist from East Retford,  Nottinghamshire. He also collected old oak furniture, armour and other antiques, examples of which the museum purchased from him.\r\n","physicalDescription":"Carved with a female head in profile within a wreath; above is a cherub’s head and a ribbon with beads, suspended from the wings; below are two spandrels filled in with leaves. \r\n","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"oak","id":"AAT12264"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved oak","categories":[{"text":"Woodwork","id":"THES48877"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2017JY9318","2017JY9320","2017JY9319","2020MM5552","2020MM5558"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES341881"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Panel","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"No","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1520-1550","earliest":"1520-01-01","latest":"1550-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"33.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"25.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Thickness","value":"1.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured by NH 2016","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Bought from: Charles H. Marshall, Esq. The Avenue, East Retford.\r\nPrice: Nos 217 to 224 £24 (RP 86073/1898); Condition: Split\r\nGeneral remarks: See RP2959/1989, 5075/1898 (Containing Mr Pollen’s Report), 6599a/1898, 10479/1898.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"English, 1520-50; oak with romayne head","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"H. Clifford Smith, Catalogue of English Furniture & Woodwork. Vol. I – Gothic and Early Tudor (1929)., cat. no. 273, 274\r\n'Panels, two, each carved with a profile bust within a wreath, one representing a bearded man, the other a woman; the first surmounted by dolphins, the second by a cherub's head with beads suspended from the wings.\r\nFirst half of 16th century.\r\nH. 1 ft. 1 in., W. 10 in.\r\n219 and 220-1898'."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"CESCINSKY, Herbert & Ernest Gribble, Early English Furniture & Woodwork. Vol. I (London, 1922), Fig. 41. pp.30-31\r\nThe introduction of the Italian Renaissance ornament dates almost from the commencement ofthe sixteenth century, but its first important expression is in the tomb of Henry VII in Westminster Abbey, the work of Pietro Torrigiano, - or Peter Torrisany as he is styled in the documents of the time, - who was commissioned for the work by the dead King's son, in 1509-17. That this was the first real expression of the Renaissance in England is doubtful; the intercourse with France, although intermittent, has been too frequent for it to be necessary  for aking to introduce the new style into this country... Figs. 40 to 43 show this early sixteenth- century Renaissance feeling at its best...These panels were evidently made for enclosing in grooved framing, as on the first two the sight markings are clearly visible.\r\n"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["220-1898"],"accessionNumberNum":"220","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1898,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}