{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O357734"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O357734/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021NA2068/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021NA2068/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2021NA2068","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2014HB4504","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O357734/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O357734","accessionNumber":"T.151-1960","objectType":"Handkerchief","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Handkerchiefs made of plain linen served the same function that they do today.  Elaborately decorated handkerchiefs, such as this example, were used purely as fashionable accessories and often given as gifts.\r\n\r\nThis handkerchief is decorated in a technique known as whitework, using white thread on white linen.  It is further embellished with cutwork, where threads of the woven linen are cut and removed, and the remaining threads embroidered over to create open, lace-like patterns.  A narrow band of linen bobbin lace borders the handkerchief.  The centre is a separate square of linen, which could be unpicked, laundered and re-sewn, or after several years of use, replaced completely, while preserving the embroidered border and lace.","physicalDescription":"White linen handkerchief attached with an embroidered linen border of whitework and cutwork in a pattern of scrolling stems bearing pomegranates, gilly flowers, pansies leaves and other fruits in chain, satin and ladder stitches. The handkerchief is edged with linen bobbin lace.  The thread count of the handkerchief's centre is approximately 100 warp by 130 weft per inch.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Linen, hand-embroidered, trimmed with hand-made bobbin lace, hand-sewn","categories":[{"text":"Accessories","id":"THES48998"},{"text":"Clothing","id":"THES48975"},{"text":"Embroidery","id":"THES48960"},{"text":"Fashion","id":"THES48957"},{"text":"Lace","id":"THES48926"},{"text":"Textiles","id":"THES48885"}],"styles":[{"text":"Jacobean","id":"AAT107014"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&F","id":"THES48601"},"images":["2021NA2068","2014HB4504"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES311723"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Handkerchief","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1600","earliest":"1595-01-01","latest":"1604-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"37.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"approx.","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"36.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"approx.","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Linen handkerchief with an embroidered linen border and trimmed with bobbin lace, England, ca. 1600","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"carnations","id":"x30499"},{"text":"pomegranate","id":"x30071"},{"text":"pansy","id":"x30496"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["T.151-1960"],"accessionNumberNum":"151","accessionNumberPrefix":"T","accessionYear":1960,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-06","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}