{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O349268"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O349268/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FC7110/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FC7110/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011FC7110","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O349268/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O349268","accessionNumber":"REPRO.1901-10","objectType":"Shield","titles":[{"title":"Cast from one of the shields on the Royal Albert Hall","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Shield by Godfrey Sykes (1824 or 25-1866), forming part of the exterior decoration of the Royal Albert Hall, Kensington. It shows a bear wearing a collar with a chain, standing on a ragged staff, below which is a scroll inscribed FRANGAS·NON FLECTES. Sykes created these designs while employed by the architect Francis Fowke (1823-1865).  Fowke also contracted Sykes to design the terracotta columns, stained glass, bronze, ironwork, decorations in majolica and mosaic, and tile pavements for the South Kensington Museum (now the V&A), beginning in 1861. Neither Sykes nor Fowke lived to see the finished construction of the Royal Albert Hall in 1871.\r\n\r\nThe present cast is one of a group of 25 reproductions of Sykes's shields for the Royal Albert Hall: from REPRO.1901-4 to REPRO.1901-27, and REPRO.1904-9.","physicalDescription":"This shield shows a bear wearing a collar with a chain, standing on a ragged staff, below which is a scroll inscribed FRANGAS·NON FLECTES.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Sykes, Godfrey","id":"A6461"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":"original"},{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"caster","id":"AAT25257"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"plaster","id":"AAT14922"}],"techniques":[{"text":"cast","id":"x32615"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Plaster cast","categories":[{"text":"Architecture","id":"THES48993"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Copies and Facsimiles","id":"THES253072"},{"text":"Plaster Cast","id":"THES270451"}],"styles":[{"text":"Renaissance Revival","id":"AAT21464"},{"text":"Victorian","id":"AAT21232"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2011FC7110"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"008","id":"THES403294"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Shield","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"original"},{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"cast","id":"x32615"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"between 1861-1866","earliest":"1861-01-01","latest":"1866-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"original"},{"date":{"text":"before 1901","earliest":null,"latest":"1900-12-31"},"association":{"text":"cast","id":"x32615"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"32","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"approximately","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"30","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"approximately","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"1.95","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"FRANGAS·NON FLECTES","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"You break you do not bend","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Historical significance: Fowke called Sykes 'master and inventor of English cinque-cento decoration'.","historicalContext":"These casts were copied after the terracotta shields produced by Godfrey Sykes (1824 or 1825 - 1866) the British designer and painter, for the exterior decoration of Royal Albert Hall.  Sykes was trained by Alfred Stevens (1817-1875) at the Sheffield School of Art in the Renaissance Revival manner. He created these designs while employed by the architect Francis Fowke (1823-1865).  Fowke also contracted Sykes to design the museum terracotta columns, stained glass, bronze, ironwork, decorations in majolica and mosaic, and tile pavements for the South Kensington Museum (now the V&A) beginning in 1861. Neither Sykes nor Fowke lived to see the finished construction of Royal Albert Hall in 1871. Sykes's many assistants continued using and modifying his designs after his death.","briefDescription":"Shield forming part of the exterior decoration of the Royal Albert Hall, South Kensington. ","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Rosamond Allwood. 'Sykes, Godfrey.' <i> Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online.</i> 18 Feb. 2011:\n\nhttp://web.archive.org/web/20230112102115/https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/display/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000082747"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"S. Jervis, <u>The Penguin Dictionary of Design and Designers</u> (London, 1984)."}],"production":"20th-century plaster cast after 19th-century British original.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"bear","id":"x42801"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["REPRO.1901-10"],"accessionNumberNum":"10","accessionNumberPrefix":"REPRO","accessionYear":1901,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LN2209","2019LN2706","2019LN8291","2019LV1964","2019LV9281"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":false}}